Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30124820›Full record

ArticleEuropean heart journal2019

Epidemiology report: trends in sex-specific cerebrovascular disease mortality in Europe based on WHO mortality data.

Rushabh Shah, Elizabeth Wilkins, Melanie Nichols, Paul Kelly, Farah El-Sadi, F Lucy Wright, Nick Townsend

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European heart journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07314476 (CardioLogical Interventions and Acute strOke Treatment sTudy), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07314476 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

CardioLogical Interventions and Acute strOke Treatment sTudy

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorUniversity of L'AquilaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled400ConditionsAcute Ischemic Stroke AIS, Stroke Treatment, PCI Patients, Aortic Valve Replacement
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Changing trends in epidemiology, care and outcome of ischemic stroke over 25 years: a large population-based study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. A dispensable role of mural cell-derived laminin-Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Global epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2023
    Review
  16. The role and mechanisms of microvascular damage in the ischemic myocardium.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Trends in mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Chile, 2000-2020.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Rushabh ShahCentre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK.
Elizabeth WilkinsCentre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK.
Melanie NicholsGlobal Obesity Centre, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Paul KellyPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Farah El-SadiCentre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK.
F Lucy WrightCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK.
Nick TownsendCentre on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThere have been substantial declines in cerebrovascular disease mortality across much of Europe, mirroring trends in deaths from cardiovascular disease as a whole. No study has investigated trends in cerebrovascular disease, and its subtypes within all European countries. This study aimed to examine sex-specific trends in cerebrovascular disease, and three of its sub-types: ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), in Europe between 1980 and 2016. METHODS AND

resultsSex-specific mortality data for each country of the World Health Organization (WHO) Europe region were extracted from the WHO global mortality database and analysed using Joinpoint software to examine trends. The number and location of significant joinpoints for each country by sex and subtype was determined using a log-linear model. The annual percentage change within each segment was calculated along with the average annual percentage change over the duration of all available data. The last 35 years have seen large overall declines in cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in the majority of European countries. While these declines have continued steadily in more than half of countries, this analysis has revealed evidence of recent plateauing and even increases in stroke mortality in a number of countries, in both sexes, and in all four geographical sub-regions of Europe. Analysis by stroke sub-type revealed that recent plateauing was most common for haemorraghic stroke and increases were most common for ischaemic stroke.

conclusionThese findings highlight the need for continued research into the inequalities in both current stroke mortality outcomes and trends across Europe, as well as the causes behind any recent plateauing of total cerebrovascular disease or its subtypes.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCerebrovascular DisordersChildChild, PreschoolEuropeFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedSex DistributionWorld Health OrganizationCerebrovascular diseaseEuropeJoinpoint regression analysisMortalityStrokeTrends

Identifiers

PMID30124820
PMCPMC6396027

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.