ArticleThe Angle orthodontist2018
Effect of continuous versus intermittent orthodontic forces on root resorption: A microcomputed tomography study.
Article in The Angle orthodontist, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effect of non-invasive physical interventions for accelerating tooth movement on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Comparison of external apical root resorption in maxillary anterior teeth following en-masse versus two-step retraction: a 3D volumetric CBCT-based randomized controlled trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- Mandibular incisor root volume changes between anterior bite planes fabricated from acrylic resin and thermoplastic materials: a prospective randomized clinical trial.The Angle orthodontist · 2022Trial
- The effect of two different types of forces on possible root resorption in relation to dentin phosphoprotein levels: a single-blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial.Progress in orthodontics · 2021Trial
- From force to resorption: mechanotransduction, osteoclasts, prevention.Progress in orthodontics · 2026Review
- Force comparison between Perfitalign 4D aligners and thermoformed aligners for mandibular incisor retraction: an in vitro study.Progress in orthodontics · 2025Article
- The Interaction Between Orthodontics and Periodontal Tissue Remodeling :.Galen medical journal · 2025Review
- Three-dimensional evaluation of alveolar bone and pharyngeal airway dimensions after mandibular dentition distalization in patients with Class III malocclusion: a retrospective study.Head & face medicine · 2023Article
- Dynamic alternations of RANKL/OPG ratio expressed by cementocytes in response to orthodontic‑induced external apical root resorption in a rat model.Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Biomechanical and biological responses of periodontium in orthodontic tooth movement: up-date in a new decade.International journal of oral science · 2021Review
- External apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Incidence, severity and risk factors.Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects · 2021Article
- Effect of Magnet Position on Tipping and Bodily Tooth Movement in Magnetic Force-Driven Orthodontics.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Root resorption and ensuing cementum repair by Wnt/β-catenin dependent mechanism.American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics · 2020Article
- Root resorption revisited: The paradigm of force effect on root resorption:The Angle orthodontist · 2019Article
- Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density.Journal of orthodontic science · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectives: To compare the extent of root resorption and the amount of tooth movement between continuous orthodontic force and intermittent orthodontic force that was activated in a similar way to a 4-week orthodontic adjustment period. MATERIALS AND
methods: Twenty-five patients who required the extraction of upper first premolars were recruited in this study. A buccally directed continuous force of 150 g was applied to the upper first premolar on one side for 15 weeks. A buccally directed intermittent force (28 days on, 7 days off) of the same magnitude was applied to the contralateral first premolar. The teeth were extracted at the end of the experimental period and processed for volumetric evaluations of resorption craters. The degree of tooth movement and rotation were measured on the study models.
results: Continuous force application displayed significantly higher root resorption volume than the intermittent force application ( P < .05), particularly on the buccal and lingual surfaces (P < .05) and the middle third of the root ( P < .01). There was more tipping and rotational movement in the continuous force group.
conclusions: In a 4-week orthodontic adjustment period, intermittent force significantly reduced the amount of root resorption compared with continuous force. Although there was less degree of tooth movement with intermittent force, unwanted rotational movement was avoided. This is crucial in patients who are predisposed to orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption, and the use of this intermittent regimen should be considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.