ReviewCurrent vascular pharmacology2019
The Pleiotropic Effects of Statins - From Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke to Atrial Fibrillation and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia.
Review in Current vascular pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of statin use and clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2019 · on this mapPooled it
- Non-adherence to Statin Treatment: A Narrative Review of Causes, Clinical Impact, and Preventive Strategies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Natural products as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for the management of non-communicable diseases.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Impact of total occlusion of the infarct-related coronary artery on mortality of 2483 patients with acute myocardial infarction.World journal of cardiology · 2026Article
- Impact of Statin Therapy on the Risk of Stroke Recurrence, Mortality, and Dementia After Ischemic Stroke (ISMARDD Study): A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Inflammatory cytokines and cardiac arrhythmias: from pathogenesis to potential therapies.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- The protective effect and experimental research progress of pleotropic statins in intervertebral disc degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Article
- Development of an LC-MS method for the determination of simvastatin and its hydroxy acid form in muscle tissue and method application.PloS one · 2025Article
- L-shaped association of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between obesity and statin use on mortality and hospital encounters in atrial fibrillation.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2024Article
- Article
- Factors predicting the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: A review.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-From Basics through Diagnosis to Treatment.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Real-world effectiveness and safety of evolocumab in very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients with acute ischemic stroke.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2024Article
- Landscape of Statin as a Cornerstone in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- The balance between CD4+ T helper 17 and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 is involved in the pathogenesis and development of atrial fibrillation.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Maras Powder) on the Epicardial Fat Thickness and Ventricular Repolarization Parameters.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of statin pleiotropic effects.Archives of toxicology · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Statins, 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, have been used for decades for the prevention of coronary artery disease and stroke. They act primarily by lowering serum cholesterol through the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which results in the upregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver. This results in the removal of low-density lipoproteincholesterol. Studies have suggested that statins may demonstrate additional effects that are independent of their effects on low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. These have been termed "pleiotropic" effects. Pleiotropic effects may be due to the inhibition of isoprenoid intermediates by statins. Isoprenoid inhibition has effects on the small guanosine triphosphate binding proteins Rac and Rho which in turn effects nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases. Therefore, there are changes in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, atherosclerotic plaque stability, pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species production, platelet reactivity, and cardiac fibrosis and hypetrophy development. Recently, statins have been compared to the ezetimibe and the recently published outcomes data on the proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 inhibitors has allowed for a reexamination of statin pleiotropy. As a result of these diverse effects, it has been suggested that statins also have anti-arrhythmic effects. This review focuses on the mechanisms of statin pleiotropy and discusses evidence from the statin clinical trials as well as examining the possible anti-arrhythmic effects atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.