ArticleNeural plasticity2018
Operant Up-Conditioning of the Tibialis Anterior Motor-Evoked Potential in Multiple Sclerosis: Feasibility Case Studies.
Article in Neural plasticity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05020080 (Examining the Effects of Operant Conditioning of Wrist Extensor MEP on Arm Intermuscular Coordination After Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Examining the Effects of Operant Conditioning of Wrist Extensor MEP on Arm Intermuscular Coordination After Stroke
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Number of conditioning trials, but not stimulus intensity, influences operant conditioning of brain responses after total knee arthroplasty.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Trial
- Neurorehabilitation in the 21st Century: New Science, New Strategies, New Expectations.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Review
- Operant Conditioning of the Motor Evoked Potential in Forearm Extensors of Individuals with Chronic Incomplete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: Case Studies.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Frequency dependence of cortical somatosensory evoked response to peripheral nerve stimulation with controlled afferent excitation.Journal of neural engineering · 2025Article
- Variability of corticospinal and spinal reflex excitability for the ankle dorsiflexor tibialis anterior across repeated measurements in people with and without incomplete spinal cord injury.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Methods for automated delineation and assessment of EMG responses evoked by peripheral nerve stimulation in diagnostic and closed-loop therapeutic applications.Journal of neural engineering · 2023Article
- Biomarkers for rapid H-reflex operant conditioning among females.Journal of neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Enhancing neurorehabilitation by targeting beneficial plasticity.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2023Review
- The Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System (EPOCS): A Research Tool and an Emerging Therapy for Chronic Neuromuscular Disorders.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2022Article
- Heksor: the central nervous system substrate of an adaptive behaviour.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Can Operant Conditioning of EMG-Evoked Responses Help to Target Corticospinal Plasticity for Improving Motor Function in People With Multiple Sclerosis?Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Operant conditioning of the motor-evoked potential and locomotion in people with and without chronic incomplete spinal cord injury.Journal of neurophysiology · 2019Article
- Operant conditioning of the tibialis anterior motor evoked potential in people with and without chronic incomplete spinal cord injury.Journal of neurophysiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Damage to the corticospinal pathway often results in weak dorsiflexion of the ankle, thereby limiting the mobility of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, strengthening corticospinal connectivity may improve locomotion. Here, we investigated the feasibility of tibialis anterior (TA) motor-evoked potential (MEP) operant conditioning and whether it can enhance corticospinal excitability and alleviate locomotor problems in people with chronic stable MS. The protocol consisted of 6 baseline and 24 up-conditioning sessions over 10 weeks. In all sessions, TA MEPs were elicited at 10% above active threshold while the sitting subject provided 30-35% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) level of TA background EMG. During baseline sessions, MEPs were simply measured. During conditioning trials of the conditioning sessions, the subject was encouraged to increase MEP and was given immediate feedback indicating whether MEP size was above a criterion. In 3/4 subjects, TA MEP increased 32-75%, MVC increased 28-52%, locomotor EMG modulation improved in multiple leg muscles, and foot drop became less severe. In one of them, MEP and MVC increases were maintained throughout 3 years of extensive follow-up sessions. These initial results support a therapeutic possibility of MEP operant conditioning for improving locomotion in people with MS or other CNS disorders, such as spinal cord injury and stroke.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.