ArticleFrontiers in public health2018
Antibiotic Resistance in Syria: A Local Problem Turns Into a Global Threat.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three-year cumulative antibiogram of breast-associated secretion and drainage specimens in female patients in Syria (2022-2024): microbiologic spectrum, antimicrobial susceptibility, and annual MSSA trends.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Exploring antibiotic knowledge and practices in a sample of damascus residents: a foundation for informed interventions and public health strategies.BMC public health · 2026Article
- An investigation of the quality of Syrian health insurance services via the SERVQUAL approach: a cross-sectional study.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2025Article
- High frequency of antibiotic administration for COVID-19 patients in Syria and its associations with mortality and complications.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance among Syrian health care professionals.IJID regions · 2025Article
- The health system in Syria (2000-2024): assembling the pieces of a fragmented system-A scoping review.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
- The contribution of human conflict to the development of antimicrobial resistance.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Double burden of vulnerability for refugees: conceptualization and policy solutions for financial protection in Iran using systems thinking approach.Health research policy and systems · 2023Article
- The need to increase antimicrobial resistance surveillance among forcibly displaced persons (FDPs).Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2023Review
- Article
- A Narrative Review of Healthcare-Associated Gram-Negative Infections Among Pediatric Patients in Middle Eastern Countries.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- War-related traumatic brain injuries during the Syrian armed conflict in Damascus 2014-2017: a cohort study and a literature review.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Review
- Antimicrobial resistance patterns in paediatric infections at Damascus Hospital, Syria: a retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Limiting the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries: One Size Does Not Fit All.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Case report: Azithromycin-meropenem combination therapy as a low-cost approach to combat PDR gram-negative infections of war wounds in Ukraine.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- The Overlooked Issue of Outpatient Combination Antibiotic Prescribing in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Example from Syria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Self-Medication Practices, Prevalence, and Associated Factors among Syrian Adult Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
- Disempowered Mothers Have Undernourished Children: How Strong Is the Intrinsic Agency?Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The quality of Syrian healthcare services during COVID-19: A HEALTHQUAL approach.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmaceutical sector of Syrian Arab Republic before the war was characterized by bold and successful development since the late 1980s. With the beginning of war in the country back in March 2011, momentum has changed significantly. Traumatism, communicable diseases related to morbidity and mortality as well as wound infections became particularly hot public health concern. This relates not only to the direct victims of military conflict but also to the displaced civilians, refugees, and ordinary citizens alike. Evolving legislative framework in Syria since 1980s tolerated dispensing of antibiotics without appropriate prescription. Such practice led to spreading of antibiotic resistance among the local bacteria frequently causing both community-acquired and nosocomial infections. Laboratory findings of resistant bacteria strains among the Syrian refugees in some European countries serve as evidence of concern spreading far beyond Middle East. Practice of self-diagnosis and self-medication with antibiotics by patients themselves and restraint to pharmacist advice is widespread. A number of recommendations is presented to stakeholders to compact antibiotic resistance after the peace is established in the country. The successful implementation of such recommendations is the way to preserve shrinking golden reserve of highly potent antibiotics as it is the last defense line against resistant bacterial strains causing severe life-threatening infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.