ArticleFrontiers in immunology2018
Reference Intervals of Factor H and Factor H-Related Proteins in Healthy Children.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement Activation as a Predictor of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Spine Surgery Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The endurance effort on a mechanical treadmill does not activate the complement system among trained young women.PloS one · 2026Article
- Factor-H-related protein 1 (FHR1), a promotor of para-inflammation in age-related macular degeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Factor H-related 2 levels dictate FHR dimer composition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- De-stabilizing innate immunity in COVID-19: effects of its own positive feedback and erratic viraemia on the alternative pathway of complement.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- The Factor H protein family: The switchers of the complement alternative pathway.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- PathogenicInfection and immunity · 2022Article
- Low Levels of Factor H Family Proteins During Meningococcal Disease Indicate Systemic Processes Rather Than Specific Depletion byFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A Family Affair: Addressing the Challenges of Factor H and the Related Proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Deregulation of Factor H by Factor H-Related Protein 1 Depends on Sialylation of Host Surfaces.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Review
- Biosynthetic homeostasis and resilience of the complement system in health and infectious disease.EBioMedicine · 2019Article
- Age and Sex-Associated Changes of Complement Activity and Complement Levels in a Healthy Caucasian Population.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Complement is activated as part of the innate immune defense against invading pathogens. Also, it helps to remove apoptotic debris and immune complexes from the circulation. Impaired complement function due to aberrant plasma levels of complement proteins may be indicative for complement-mediated diseases or can be involved in susceptibility for infections. To determine whether plasma levels are abnormal, reference intervals (RIs) are used from adult healthy donors. Since many complement-mediated diseases have an onset during childhood, it is important to know whether these RIs can be extrapolated to children. RIs of Factor H (FH), the crucial fluid-phase regulator, and the FH-related proteins (FHRs), its homologous counterparts, are unknown in healthy children. While FH is measured to diagnose and monitor therapy of patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, recent studies also implicated increased plasma levels of FHRs in disease. Here, we investigated the levels of FH and FHRs in healthy children using recently developed specific ELISAs. We found that levels of FH, FHR-2, and FHR-3 were equal to those found in healthy adults. Levels of FHR-4A and FHR-5 were lower in children than in adults. However, only the FHR-5 levels associated with age. The RIs of these FH family proteins now serve to support the interpretation of plasma levels in prospective and retrospective studies that can be used for routine diagnostic and monitoring purposes including pediatric patient samples.
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