Observational studyBritish journal of anaesthesia2018
Conditioned pain modulation identifies altered sensitivity in extremely preterm young adult males and females.
Observational study in British journal of anaesthesia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neonatal pain experience and pain sensitivity trajectories in preterm infants: A longitudinal study of flexion withdrawal reflex thresholds over the first two years of age.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Psychophysical correlates of labor pain intensity and unpleasantness.Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Early Life Injury Alters Spinal Astrocyte Development.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Exploring the value of a well-established conditioned pain modulation paradigm in women: a Translational Research in Pelvic Pain (TRiPP) study.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early-Life Iron Deficiency Persistently Alters Nociception in Developing Mice.The journal of pain · 2023Article
- The impact of gender medicine on neonatology: the disadvantage of being male: a narrative review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2023Review
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal surgery.Pediatric surgery international · 2022Review
- Early Life Pain Experience Changes Adult Functional Pain Connectivity in the Rat Somatosensory and the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Signature for Pain Recovery IN Teens (SPRINT): protocol for a multisite prospective signature study in chronic musculoskeletal pain.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Early Life Nociception is Influenced by Peripheral Growth Hormone Signaling.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Article
- Early Neonatal Pain-A Review of Clinical and Experimental Implications on Painful Conditions Later in Life.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Review
- Somatosensory function and pain in extremely preterm young adults from the UK EPICure cohort: sex-dependent differences and impact of neonatal surgery.British journal of anaesthesia · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundConditioned pain modulation is a potential biomarker for risk of persistent pain. As early-life experience can alter subsequent somatosensory processing and pain response, we evaluated conditioned pain modulation after extremely preterm birth.
methodsThis observational study recruited extremely preterm (<26 weeks gestation; n=98) and term-born control (n=48) young adults (19-20 yr) from the longitudinal EPICure cohort. Pressure pain threshold (PPT; variable test stimulus lower leg) was measured before, during, and after a conditioning stimulus (contralateral hand immersion; 5°C water; 30 s). Questionnaires assessed current pain, medication use, anxiety, and pain catastrophising.
resultsFor participants tolerating conditioning, there were significant main effects of extremely preterm status, sex, and time on PPT during and after hand immersion. Inhibitory modulation was evoked in 64/98 extremely preterm (3, no change) and 38/48 term-born control (3, facilitation) subjects. The conditioned pain modulation effect (percentage change in PPT) did not differ between the extremely preterm and term-born control groups {53% [95% confidence interval (CI): 41-65] vs 57% [95% CI: 42-71]}. Reduced cold tolerance (<20 s) hampered conditioned pain modulation quantification in a higher proportion of extremely preterm participants [extremely preterm vs term-born control: 31/98 (32%) vs 7/48 (15%); P=0.03]. One-third of extremely preterm females withdrew the hand before parallel PPT (<15 s), and had lower baseline PPT than term-born control females [4.9 (95% CI: 4.8-5.1) vs 5.3 (95% CI: 5.1-5.5) ln kPa; P=0.02]. Higher anxiety, pain catastrophising, and medication use correlated with pain intensity, but not conditioned pain modulation effect.
conclusionsCold conditioning evoked inhibitory modulation in the majority of young adults and identified a subgroup of extremely preterm females with increased baseline sensitivity. Early-life experience and sex/gender should be considered when evaluating persistent pain risk with conditioned pain modulation.
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