ArticlePloS one2018
How much does direct transmission between pigs contribute to Japanese Encephalitis virus circulation? A modelling approach in Cambodia.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Japanese encephalitis: Current status, recent progress, and persistent challenges.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Zoonotic neglected tropical diseases at the animal-human interface in the Greater Mekong Subregion: Two decades of surveillance in Laos and Cambodia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Comparative dynamics of Japanese encephalitis virus adaptation in porcine macrophages and insect cells.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Tracing more than two decades of Japanese encephalitis virus circulation in mainland China.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Scoping Review of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission Models.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Revisiting the risk of introduction of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) into the United States - An updated semi-quantitative risk assessment.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- The protective role of Mertk in JEV-induced encephalitis by maintaining the integrity of blood-brain barrier.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Fitness adaptations of Japanese encephalitis virus in pigs following vector-free serial passaging.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Mice as an Animal Model for Japanese Encephalitis Virus Research: Mouse Susceptibility, Infection Route, and Viral Pathogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Modelling Japanese encephalitis virus transmission dynamics and human exposure in a Cambodian rural multi-host system.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Re-Examining the Importance of Pigs in the Transmission of Japanese Encephalitis Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Ecology and Evolution of Japanese Encephalitis Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Modelling infectious viral diseases in swine populations: a state of the art.Porcine health management · 2020Review
- Review of Emerging Japanese Encephalitis Virus: New Aspects and Concepts about Entry into the Brain and Inter-Cellular Spreading.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Serological evidence of continued Japanese encephalitis virus transmission in Singapore nearly three decades after end of pig farming.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Targeting of the Nasal Mucosa by Japanese Encephalitis Virus for Non-Vector-Borne Transmission.Journal of virology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of human encephalitis throughout Asia and the Pacific. Although JE is a vector-borne disease, it has been demonstrated experimentally that transmission between pigs can occur through direct contact. Whether pig-to-pig transmission plays a role in the natural epidemiological cycle of JE remains unknown. To assess whether direct transmission between pigs may occur under field conditions, we built two mathematical models of JE transmission incorporating vector-borne transmission alone or a combination of vector-borne and direct transmission. We used Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to estimate the parameters of the models. We fitted the models to (i) two serological datasets collected longitudinally from two pig cohorts (C1 and C2) during two periods of four months on a farm on the outskirts of Phnom-Penh, Cambodia and to (ii) a cross-sectional (CS) serological survey dataset collected from 505 swine coming from eight different provinces of Cambodia. In both cases, the model incorporating both vector-borne and direct transmission better explained the data. We computed the value of the basic reproduction number R0 (2.93 for C1, 2.66 for C2 and 2.27 for CS), as well as the vector-borne reproduction number Rpv and the direct transmission reproduction number Rpp. We then determined the contribution of direct transmission on R0 (11.90% for C1, 11.62% for C2 and 7.51% for CS). According to our results, the existence of pig-to-pig transmission is consistent with our swine serological data. Thus, direct transmission may contribute to the epidemiological cycle of JE in Cambodia. These results need to be confirmed in other eco-climatic settings, in particular in temperate areas where pig-to-pig transmission may facilitate the persistence of JE virus (JEV) during cold seasons when there are no or few mosquitoes.
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