SynthesisMedicine2018
Comparative analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus platinum-based chemotherapy compared to platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab for first-line treatment of older people with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- PD-L1 expression as biomarker of efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic triple negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of Efficacy and Safety Between Immunotherapy and Docetaxel Monotherapy in NSCLC Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- The Current Landscape of Clinical Studies Focusing on Thyroid Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis of Study Characteristics and Their Publication Status.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- The Relative Risk of Immune-Related Liver Dysfunction of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Surgical results of the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium 3 trial: A phase II multicenter single-arm study to investigate the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with stages IB-select IIIB resectable non-small cell lung cancer.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2023Trial
- First-line pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: KEYNOTE-024 Japan subset.Cancer science · 2021Trial
- First-line pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: KEYNOTE-024 Japan subset.Cancer science · 2020Trial
- The efficacy and safety of four different PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Harnessing GSK-3β inhibition for lung cancer therapy: emerging opportunities and challenges.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Atezolizumab, Bevacizumab, Carboplatin, and Paclitaxel Therapy in Patients With Genetic Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Thoracic cancer · 2025Article
- Progressive accumulation of circulating CD27Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Building a Risk Scoring Model for ARDS in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Using Machine Learning Algorithms.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Updates and emerging trends in the management of immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024Review
- New avenues for the treatment of immunotherapy-resistant pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Review
- First-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without chemotherapy for Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer: LIGHT-NING study.Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 2024Observational
- Impact of immunosenescence and inflammaging on the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy in Older Patients with Cancer: A Narrative Review.International journal of general medicine · 2024Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in "Special" NSCLC Populations: A Viable Approach?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown survival advantage over chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This meta-analysis was conducted to gather and analyze the available evidence (Evidence level I; Randomized Controlled Trials) comparing efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapies and chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.
methodsA search strategy was devised to identify the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Hazard ratios or odds ratios obtained for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) were analyzed using fixed effect model or random effects model. Additionally, subgroup analysis was also performed.
resultsA total of seven RCTs (n = 3867) were identified and selected for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapies (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab) resulted in better OS (HR 0.72 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63, 0.82; P < .00001]), PFS (HR 0.84 [95% CI 0.72, 0.97; P < .02]), and ORR (odds ratio [OR] 1.52 [95% CI 1.08, 2.14; P < .02]) in comparison to chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. Improved safety was observed with anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapies (OR 0.31 [95%CI 0.26, 0.38; P < .00001]). Subgroups analysis revealed Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) 1 (HR 0.76 [95%CI 0.62, 0.93; P = .007]), squamous cell type (HR 0.76 [95% CI 0.63, 0.92; P = .005]), current/former smoker (HR 0.76 [95% CI 0.63, 0.92; P = .005]), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild type (HR 0.67 [95% CI 0.60, 0.76; P < .00001]), Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene mutation (KRAS) mutant (HR 0.60 [95% CI 0.39, 0.93; P < .02]), and absence of central nervous system (CNS) metastases (HR 0.71 [95% CI 0.63, 0.80; P < .00001]) were associated with better overall survival.
conclusionsAnti-PD1/PD-L1 therapies are safe and effective treatment option in advanced non-small cell lung cancer and can be recommended selectively.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.