ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2019
Sex differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis' response to stress: an important role for gonadal hormones.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 272 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
272 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 478 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of mind-body exercise intervention on anxiety among women: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Feeding the feelings: gender differences in emotional eating during COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Prefrontal cortex stimulation prevents stress-induced HPA axis reactivity in people at familial risk of schizophrenia.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Trial
- Chronic Stress Predictability Modulates the Severity of Apical Periodontitis Induced in Wistar Rats.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- From Cellular Stress to Systemic Adaptation: The Circadian Clock and Stress Response at Cellular and Systemic Levels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in GABAergic neurons regulates stress-induced cognitive flexibility.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Associations Between Different Subtypes of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Reproductive Mood Disorders-a Scoping Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Article
- Chronic prenatal corticosterone exposure alters postpartum maternal behavior and shapes sex-specific offspring outcomes.Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- Physiological Basis of Sex Differences in Human Performance and Exercise-Associated Pathology.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Review
- Corticosterone Under Experimental Manipulation of Nutrition and Parasite Burden in a Wild Rodent System.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Stress and HPA axis dysfunction impact diverse epilepsy outcomes including psychiatric comorbidities and SUDEP.Epilepsy research · 2026Review
- Plasma chromogranin a levels and their role in the etiology of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- From Air to Brain: Environmental Nanoparticles as Modifiable Risk Factors for Neurodevelopmental, Neurodegenerative, and Mental Disorders.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Paternal Caffeine Exposure Programs Offspring Stress Vulnerability via Sperm Dlk1-Dio3 Imprinting-Directed Remodeling of a Novel Neural Circuit.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Chronic unpredictable mild Stress- induced neurobehavioral and metabolic alteration: insights into molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic Strategies".Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Impact of United States marine corps recruit training on the stress response and menstrual function in female marine recruits.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Depression: Adult Cytogenesis as Potential Target for Precision Psychiatry.Cells · 2026Review
212 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a neuroendocrine network that controls hormonal responses to internal and external challenges in an organism's environment, exhibits strikingly sex-biased activity. In adult female rodents, acute HPA function following a stressor is markedly greater than it is in males, and this difference has largely been attributed to modulation by the gonadal hormones testosterone and estradiol. These gonadal hormones are produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and have been shown to determine sex differences in adult HPA function after acute stress via their activational and organizational effects. Although these actions of gonadal hormones are well supported, the possibility that sex chromosomes similarly influence HPA activity is unexplored. Moreover, questions remain regarding sex differences in the activity of the HPA axis following chronic stress and the underlying contributions of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes. The present review examines what is currently known about sex differences in the neuroendocrine response to stress, as well as outstanding questions regarding this sex bias. Although it primarily focuses on the rodent literature, a brief discussion of sex differences in the human HPA axis is also included.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.