SynthesisBMC psychiatry2018
A systematic review of co-responder models of police mental health 'street' triage.
Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Mental health and routine police work: a systematic scoping review.Health & justice · 2026Pooled it
- A qualitative meta-synthesis of service users' and carers' experiences of assessment and involuntary hospital admissions under mental health legislations: a five-year update.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Hand and Wrist Injuries Associated With Application of Physical Restraints: A Systematic Review.Hand (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Pooled it
- Subjective experiences of the first response to mental health crises in the community: a qualitative systematic review.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Police and Behavioral Health Professionals' Experiences with a Hybrid Co-response Approach to Mental Health Crisis Intervention: Qualitative Findings.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2026Article
- First Impressions Count: A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Parents of Autistic Children's First Encounters With Healthcare Professionals.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Validation of a criterion-based screening and triage pathway for adult ADHD: a prospective observational study of safety and operational efficiency.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Bridging crisis and care: exploring the role of behavioral health professionals in a police co-response model.Health & justice · 2025Article
- Responding to crisis: the intersection of police officer attitudes, organizational climate, and mental health crises.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Realist review protocol for understanding young people's experiences of engaging with police-mental health practitioner collaboration in emergency responses to mental health crises.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- PROTOCOL: Co-Responding Police-Mental Health Programs and the Impact on Justice and Social Service Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Campbell systematic reviews · 2025Article
- A Comparison of Behavioral Health Crisis Response Models in Meeting Behavioral Health Goals and Improving Criminal Legal Diversion.Community mental health journal · 2025Article
- [Comparative Study of Community-Based Management Models of Schizophrenia at Home and Abroad].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Article
- Eleven-Month Arrest Outcomes Among Three Crisis Response Models in Michigan.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Involving stakeholders with lived and professional experience in a realist review of community mental health crisis services: a commentary.Research involvement and engagement · 2024Article
- Matching Mobile Crisis Models to Communities: An Example from Northwestern Ontario.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2024Article
- Persons with mental disorders and suicidality in crisis or high-risk situations involving police negotiation: a systematic review.Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2024Article
- The Association between the Police, Ambulance, Clinician Early Response (PACER) Model and Involuntary Detentions of People Living with Mental Illness: A Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2023Article
- A Qualitative Investigation of Preparedness for the Launch of 988: Implications for the Continuum of Emergency Mental Health Care.Administration and policy in mental health · 2023Article
- Virtual Partnership Addressing Mental Health Crises: Mixed Methods Study of a Coresponder Program in Rural Law Enforcement.JMIR mental health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPolice mental health street triage is an increasingly common intervention when dealing with police incidents in which there is a suspected mental health component. We conducted a systematic review of street triage interventions with three aims. First, to identify papers reporting on models of co-response police mental health street triage. Second, to identify the characteristics of service users who come in to contact with these triage services. Third, to evaluate the effectiveness of co-response triage services.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review. We searched the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, EBSCO CINAHL, Scopus, Thompson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection, The Cochrane Library, ProQuest National Criminal Justice Reference Service Abstracts, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, EThoS, and OpenGrey. We searched reference and citation lists. We also searched for other grey literature through Google, screening the first 100 PDFs of each of our search terms. We performed a narrative synthesis of our results.
resultsOur search identified 11,553 studies. After screening, 26 were eligible. Over two-thirds (69%) had been published within the last 3 years. We did not identify any randomised control trials. Results indicated that street triage might reduce the number of people taken to a place of safety under S136 of the Mental Health Act where that power exists, or reduce the use of police custody in other jurisdictions.
conclusionsThere remains a lack of evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of street triage and the characteristics, experience, and outcomes of service users. There is also wide variation in the implementation of the co-response model, with differences in hours of operation, staffing, and incident response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.