ArticlePloS one2018
Vitamin E hydroquinone is an endogenous regulator of ferroptosis via redox control of 15-lipoxygenase.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent trends in encapsulated bioactives for improving the delivery of infant milk fortifiers.Food science of animal resources · 2026Review
- Bilirubin and the Yellow Players in Ferroptosis: A Delicate Balance in Human Health and Disease, with a Focus on the Liver, Cardiovascular System, and Brain.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Light-Controlled Modulation of 15-Lipoxygenase-1 Regulates Intestinal Inflammatory Signaling.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- The irony of Parkinson's disease: Converging mechanisms of redox imbalance and ferroptosis.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Quantitative FLIM of Lipid Droplet Polarity with a Deep-Red BODIPY Probe Reveals Signatures of Ferroptosis Resistance.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis as a Pathogenic Mechanism and Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- When Pathways Converge: Iron, Lipid Peroxidation, and α-Synuclein in Ferroptosis-Driven Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis: The Demise of Cells Through Phospholipid Peroxidation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Endothelial ferroptosis: a novel mechanism and therapeutic target in diabetic microvascular complications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in microglial activation: a systematic review and multidata comparison.Brain communications · 2026Review
- Recent Advancements in Drug Targeting for Ferroptosis as an Antitumor Therapy: Development of Novel therapeutics.Current cancer drug targets · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms underlying the ferroptosis-induced epileptiform activity in mouse cortical slices.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis in liver diseases: molecular mechanisms, biomarker potential, and clinical translation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Effects of plant-derived dietary antioxidants on Alzheimer's disease: Focus on ferroptosis.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Review
- The role of fat-soluble vitamins on bone metabolism and osteoporosis: a literature review.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis: The Initiation Process of Lipid Peroxidation in Muscle Food.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Thymoquinone regulates RSL3-induced ferroptosis in the alzheimer mouse hippocampus.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis in Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.MedComm · 2025Review
- Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in human health and disease.BMC biology · 2025Review
- Antifibrotic therapies for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death associated with inflammation, neurodegeneration, and ischemia. Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) has been reported to prevent ferroptosis, but the mechanism by which this occurs is controversial. To elucidate the biochemical mechanism of vitamin E activity, we systematically investigated the effects of its major vitamers and metabolites on lipid oxidation and ferroptosis in a striatal cell model. We found that a specific endogenous metabolite of vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol hydroquinone, was a dramatically more potent inhibitor of ferroptosis than its parent compound, and inhibits 15-lipoxygenase via reduction of the enzyme's non-heme iron from its active Fe3+ state to an inactive Fe2+ state. Furthermore, a non-metabolizable isosteric analog of vitamin E which retains antioxidant activity neither inhibited 15-lipoxygenase nor prevented ferroptosis. These results call into question the prevailing model that vitamin E acts predominantly as a non-specific lipophilic antioxidant. We propose that, similar to the other lipophilic vitamins A, D and K, vitamin E is instead a pro-vitamin, with its quinone/hydroquinone metabolites responsible for its anti-ferroptotic cytoprotective activity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.