ArticleJournal of athletic training2018
Normative Performance on the Balance Error Scoring System by Youth, High School, and Collegiate Athletes.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06473883 (Effects of Vestibulo-oculomotor and Neuromuscular Training on the Incidence of Concussions and Musculoskeletal Injuries in Competitive Female Football Players), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Effects of Vestibulo-oculomotor and Neuromuscular Training on the Incidence of Concussions and Musculoskeletal Injuries in Competitive Female Football Players
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Functional performance tests in male and female professional dancers from four classical ballet companies - a cohort study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Camera-Based AI-Assisted Scoring for the Balance Error Scoring System: A Cross-sectional Validity and Agreement Study.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Incorporation of a dual-task cognitive exercise during unsupported seated balance in collegiate para athletes.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- Normative Data for a Multi-Domain Concussion Assessment in the Female Community Sport of Ladies Gaelic Football.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Multicomponent Balance Training and Sensorimotor Foot Mobilization on Postural Stability in Patients Following Brain Tumor Surgery.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Brainwave Activity Localization, Mood Symptoms, and Balance Impairment in a Male South African Rugby Player With Persisting Symptoms After Concussion: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Instrumented Balance Error Scoring System in Children and Adolescents-A Cross Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Convergent Validity of the SWAY Balance Application to Assess Postural Stability in Military Cadets Recovering from Concussion.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2024Article
- Inertial Sensor-Based Assessment of Static Balance in Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2023Article
- Assessment of Physical Tests in 6-11 Years Old Children: Findings from the Play Lifestyle and Activity in Youth (PLAY) Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Balance Error Scoring System Performance Differences in Figure Skaters Based on Discipline.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2023Article
- Thirty-Second Single-Leg Stance Identifies Impaired Postural Control in Children After Concussion: A Preliminary Report.Journal of sport rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Comparison of Concurrent and Same-Day Balance Measurement Approaches in a Large Sample of Uninjured Collegiate Athletes.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2022Article
- Test-Retest reliability and preliminary reliable change estimates for Sway Balance tests administered remotely in community-dwelling adults.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Article
- Optimizing Order of Administration for Concussion Baseline Assessment Among NCAA Student-Athletes and Military Cadets.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Observational
- No differences in tandem gait performance between male and female athletes acutely post-concussion.Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2020Article
- Exploring Baseline Concussion-Assessment Performance in Adapted Wheelchair Sport Athletes.Journal of athletic training · 2020Article
- Baseline Performance of High School Rugby Players on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5.Journal of athletic training · 2020Article
- Examining for race-associated differences on Sway Medical System balance and cognitive tests used for sport-related concussion.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
- Normative data for the balance error scoring system for patients with chronic neck pain.Brazilian journal of physical therapyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAnnually, more than 1 million youth athletes in the United States receive or are suspected of receiving a concussion. The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is the most commonly used clinical balance evaluation designed to provide a better understanding of the motor-control processes of individuals with concussion. Despite the widespread use of the BESS, a fundamental gap exists in applying this tool to young athletes, as normative values are lacking for this population.
objectiveTo determine age- and sex-specific normative values for the BESS in youth, high school, and collegiate athletes.
designCross-sectional study.
settingLocal youth sport organizations, high schools, and colleges. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsStudent-athletes (N = 6762) completed preseason baseline concussion testing as part of a comprehensive concussion-management program. Groups were youth males aged 5 to 13 years (n = 360), high school males aged 14 to 18 years (n = 3743), collegiate males aged 19 to 23 years (n = 497), youth females aged 5 to 13 years (n = 246), high school females aged 14 to 18 years (n = 1673), and collegiate females aged 19 to 23 years (n = 243). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Errors according to the BESS specifications.
resultsPerformance on the BESS was worse ( P < .01) in youth athletes than in high school and collegiate athletes. In the youth and high school cohorts, females exhibited better scores than males ( P < .05). Sex was not a factor for collegiate athletes. Data from the youth cohort were further subdivided into 4-year bins to evaluate potential motor-development differences. The error count was highest for 5- to 9-year-old males and decreased with age.
conclusionsPerformance on the BESS depended on sex and age, particularly in youth athletes. These sex- and age-specific normative values provide a reference to facilitate and unify clinical decision making across multiple providers caring for youth athletes with concussions.
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