ArticleThe Plant cell2018
Evaluating the Functional Pore Size of Chloroplast TOC and TIC Protein Translocons: Import of Folded Proteins.
Article in The Plant cell, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative analysis of Cdc48-dependent proteolysis at the ER, mitochondria and chloroplasts.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Assembly of two functionally-distinct protein import complexes in the outer membrane of plant chloroplasts.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recent trends and advances in chloroplast engineering and transformation methods.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Analysis of the quadruple lsu mutant reveals molecular determinants of the role of LSU proteins in sulfur assimilation in Arabidopsis.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Oxygenating respiratoid biosystem for therapeutic cell transplantation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The peroxisome: an update on mysteries 3.0.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Path unveiled for protein entry into chloroplasts.Nature · 2023Article
- GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN variants with enhanced folding are more efficiently imported into chloroplasts.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Electrochromic shift supports the membrane destabilization model of Tat-mediated transport and shows ion leakage during Sec transport.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Functional Organization of Sequence Motifs in Diverse Transit Peptides of Chloroplast Proteins.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Nanotechnology Approaches for Chloroplast Biotechnology Advancements.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Engineered Accumulation of Bicarbonate in Plant Chloroplasts: Known Knowns and Known Unknowns.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
- Plastid chaperone HSP90C guides precursor proteins to the SEC translocase for thylakoid transport.Journal of experimental botany · 2020Article
- Protein import into chloroplasts and its regulation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system.Biochemical Society transactions · 2020Review
- A technique for delineating the unfolding requirements for substrate entry into retrotranslocons during endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- The Principles of Protein Targeting and Transport Across Cell Membranes.The protein journal · 2019Review
- Targeted Control of Chloroplast Quality to Improve Plant Acclimation: From Protein Import to Degradation.Frontiers in plant science · 2019Review
- A Force-Generating Machine in the Plant's Powerhouse: A Pulling AAA-ATPase Motor Drives Protein Translocation into Chloroplasts.The Plant cell · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The degree of residual structure retained by proteins while passing through biological membranes is a fundamental mechanistic question of protein translocation. Proteins are generally thought to be unfolded while transported through canonical proteinaceous translocons, including the translocons of the outer and inner chloroplast envelope membranes (TOC and TIC). Here, we readdressed the issue and found that the TOC/TIC translocons accommodated the tightly folded dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) protein in complex with its stabilizing ligand, methotrexate (MTX). We employed a fluorescein-conjugated methotrexate (FMTX), which has slow membrane transport rates relative to unconjugated MTX, to show that the rate of ligand accumulation inside chloroplasts is faster when bound to DHFR that is actively being imported. Stromal accumulation of FMTX is ATP dependent when DHFR is actively being imported but is otherwise ATP independent, again indicating DHFR/FMTX complex import. Furthermore, the TOC/TIC pore size was probed with fixed-diameter particles and found to be greater than 25.6 Å, large enough to support folded DHFR import and also larger than mitochondrial and bacterial protein translocons that have a requirement for protein unfolding. This unique pore size and the ability to import folded proteins have critical implications regarding the structure and mechanism of the TOC/TIC translocons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.