Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30099847›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2019

Safety and tolerability of empagliflozin in East Asian patients with type 2 diabetes: Pooled analysis of phase I-III clinical trials.

Daisuke Yabe, Atsutaka Yasui, Linong Ji, Moon-Kyu Lee, Ronald Ching Wan Ma, Tien-Jyun Chang, Tomoo Okamura, Cordula Zeller, Stefan Kaspers, Jisoo Lee and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Kidney outcomes with SGLT2 inhibitor versus DPP4 inhibitor use in older adults with diabetes.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.

Daisuke YabeKansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-7687
Atsutaka YasuiNippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Linong JiPeking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Moon-Kyu LeeSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-7184
Ronald Ching Wan MaThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-803X
Tien-Jyun ChangNational Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-5847
Tomoo OkamuraNippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Cordula ZellerBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
Stefan KaspersBoehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.
Jisoo LeeBoehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.
Sven KohlerBoehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.
Yutaka SeinoKansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1099-7989
Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany) · DEBoehringer Ingelheim (Japan) · JPChinese University of Hong Kong · HKKansai Electric Power (Japan) · JPKyoto University · JPNational Taiwan University Hospital · TWPeking University · CNSungkyunkwan University · KR

Funding

Boehringer IngelheimEli Lilly and Company Diabetes Alliance
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

AIMS/

introductionWe investigated the safety and tolerability of empagliflozin (EMPA) in East Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND

methodsData were pooled from participants with type 2 diabetes evenly randomized to a placebo, EMPA 10 mg or EMPA 25 mg in 15 phase I-III trials. Adverse events (AEs) were analyzed in the subgroup of trial participants from East Asian countries/regions.

resultsIn total, 709, 724 and 708 East Asian trial participants with type 2 diabetes received a placebo, EMPA 10 mg and EMPA 25 mg, respectively; total exposure was 953, 1,072, and 1,033 patient-years in these groups, respectively. The EMPA and placebo groups had similar incidences of severe AEs, serious AEs and AEs leading to discontinuation. Incidences of hypoglycemia differed according to anti-diabetes medication used at baseline. Higher rates of events consistent with genital infection were observed with EMPA (EMPA 1.5-1.7/100, placebo 0.2/100 patient-years). Rates of AEs consistent with volume depletion were comparable among treatment groups (0.8-1.4/100 patient-years), but in trial participants aged ≥65 years, the rate was greater with EMPA 25 mg (EMPA 25 mg 3.5/100, placebo 2.0/100 patient-years). Incidences of events consistent with urinary tract infection, thromboembolic events, renal events, hepatic AEs, diabetic ketoacidosis, fractures and lower limb amputation were similar between EMPA and the placebo.

conclusionsIn the present pooled analysis, EMPA was well tolerated in East Asian type 2 diabetes patients based on >2,100 patient-years' exposure, consistent with results from the overall analysis population.

Indexed as

AgedBenzhydryl CompoundsBiomarkersBlood GlucoseClinical Trials, Phase I as TopicClinical Trials, Phase II as TopicClinical Trials, Phase III as TopicDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlucosidesGlycated HemoglobinHumansIncidenceJapanBenzhydryl CompoundsBiomarkersBlood GlucoseempagliflozinGlucosidesGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAdverse drug eventGenital infectionSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID30099847
PMCPMC6400242
OpenAlexW2885416375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.