ArticleJapanese journal of ophthalmology2018
Causes, background, and characteristics of binocular diplopia in the elderly.
Article in Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies and age-related changes in binocular vision among middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Age-related changes in the orbital pulley array of older Japanese adults with acquired exotropia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Convergence Insufficiency After Bilateral Medial Rectus Recession for Age-Related Distance Esotropia?American journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Article
- Prevalence and prognosis of sagging eye syndrome in Japanese population.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Efficacy of the double-dose medial rectus muscle recession technique for sagging eye syndrome with esotropia of 10-prism diopters or less at distance.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Laterality Targeting in Graded Inferior Rectus Tenotomy Corrects Lateral Incomitance of Hypertropia in Sagging Eye Syndrome.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Relationships between tilt angles of rectus muscles and positions of rectus muscle pulleys in patients with sagging eye syndrome.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- [Differential diagnosis of vertical strabismus in the elderly].Die Ophthalmologie · 2024Review
- [Vertical strabismus in the elderly].Die Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- Clinical predictors of causative radiographic findings in adults with acute onset diplopia.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Comparison of subjective cyclofusion ranges and objective ocular torsion in normal participants according to age.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Visual disorders and mal de debarquement syndrome: a potential comorbidity questionnaire-based study.Future science OA · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Clinical Features of Sagging Eye Syndrome in Korean Patients.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2022Article
- Sagging eye syndrome.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
- Functional Anatomy of Muscle Mechanisms: Compensating Vertical Heterophoria.American journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Etiology and Clinical Features of Diplopia in South China: Analysis of 303 Cases.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Standard coronal orbital magnetic resonance imaging is an effective technique for diagnosing sagging eye syndrome.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2020Article
- Prevalence of Sagging Eye Syndrome in Adults with Binocular Diplopia.American journal of ophthalmology · 2020Article
- The Correlation between Hypertropia and Head Tilt in Congenital Unilateral Superior Oblique Muscle Palsy.Journal of current ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWe evaluated the background and characteristics of elderly patients with binocular diplopia including diseases caused by abnormalities in orbital pulleys. STUDY
designRetrospective.
methodsThe participants were 236 patients aged 60 years or older who visited Kitasato University Hospital complaining of binocular diplopia. We classified strabismus by types and investigated the causes for each group. We diagnosed orbital pulley disorders using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients with orbital pulley disorders exhibited esotropia and/or vertical strabismus and did not present with cranial nerve palsy, systemic illness, or ocular injury.
resultsClassification of strabismus types was: exotropia (24.2%); esotropia (25.0%); vertical strabismus (30.1%), combined strabismus (20.8%). There were 50.9% cases of strabismus associated with vertical deviation. The causes of disease in each group were as follows: in the exotropia group, 50.9% convergence insufficiency exotropia, 21.1% basic exotropia; in the esotropia group: 35.6% orbital pulley disorder 33.9% sixth cranial nerve palsy; in the vertical strabismus group: 32.4% forth cranial nerve palsy, 31.0% orbital pulley disorder; in the combined strabismus group: 28.6% orbital pulley disorder, 28.6% forth cranial nerve palsy.
conclusionsAbout half of the elderly patients with binocular diplopia exhibited vertical deviation. In addition, binocular diplopia was often caused by orbital pulley disorders. It is the first epidemiological study focusing on orbital pulley disorders diagnosed on the basis of MRI.
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