Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30097819›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2018

Community pharmacists' knowledge and perspectives of reporting adverse drug reactions in Australia: a cross-sectional survey.

Raymond Li, Colin Curtain, Luke Bereznicki, Syed Tabish Razi Zaidi

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  5. Spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting: potential facilitators perceived by community pharmacists in Egypt - a cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025
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  8. Innovations in pharmacovigilance studies of medicines in older people.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Raymond LiPharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8040-4296
Colin CurtainPharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5029-7541
Luke BereznickiPharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3974-3437
Syed Tabish Razi ZaidiPharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. s.t.r.zaidi@leeds.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2031-1055

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by healthcare professionals is prevalent worldwide. Community pharmacists are the most frequently visited healthcare professional and are well placed to document ADRs as a part of their routine practice. Objective To measure community pharmacists' knowledge and perspectives towards ADR reporting and their reporting practices. Setting Community pharmacists in the New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. Method A survey tool consisting of 28 items was developed, piloted and validated by a panel of expert reviewers. The final anonymised survey was distributed online to community pharmacists. Exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha were used to measure the validity and reliability of the tool, respectively. Non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse knowledge, perspectives and ADR reporting practices.

main outcome measuresKnowledge, perceived importance, enablers and barriers to reporting ADRs. Results The survey tool showed acceptable validity and reliability. A total of 232 respondents completed the survey. The median knowledge score was 5 out of 10 (interquartile range, 2). Less than a third of respondents (31.0%) reported sufficient knowledge and training on ADR reporting. Only 35.3% of pharmacists reported at least one ADR in the previous 12 months. Non-reporting pharmacists were more likely to report lack of time as a barrier (P < 0.001), conversely they were more likely to report if the practice was remunerated (P = 0.007). Conclusion Under-reporting of ADRs by community pharmacists is highly prevalent. Initiatives to educate and train them on ADR reporting and simplifying the reporting process may improve reporting practices.

Indexed as

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting SystemsAttitude of Health PersonnelCommunity Pharmacy ServicesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticePharmacistsPharmacovigilanceAustraliaCross-Sectional StudiesDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsHealth Care SurveysHumansPatient SafetyProfessional RoleRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsAdverse drug reactionAustraliaDrug safetyPharmacistPharmacovigilance

Identifiers

PMID30097819
PMCPMC6132965

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.