Observational studyTranslational psychiatry2018
Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of autoimmune encephalopathy in children with autism.
Observational study in Translational psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Medical treatment of autism spectrum disorder in children: Current evidence, controversies, and clinical challenges.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder with Immune Dysregulation: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Analytical Validation of an ELISA Assay for Maternal Autoantibody-Related Autism.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Changes in peripheral immune cell phenotypes and their roles in autism: insights from clinical and animal model studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- The microbiota-epigenome axis in healthy longevity: roles of microbial and gerobiotic metabolites - a narrative exploratory review.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Unbiased autoantibody screening using nucleic acid protein programmable array in pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Changes in Autism Traits from Early Childhood To Adolescence in the Study To Explore Early Development.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Observed improvements in immune parameters and behavioral symptoms following low-dose IL-2 treatment in four autistic children with immune dysfunction.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Retrospective Comparison of Patients Evaluated for Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis with Typical and Atypical Premorbid Neuropsychiatric Development.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Changes in Autism Traits from Early Childhood to Adolescence in the Study to Explore Early Development.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of B Cell Variable Region Gene Segment Characteristics in Neuro-autoantibodies.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Review
- Groups and Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Considering an Advanced Integrative Model (AIM).Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Immunological Features Underpinning Controversial Entities.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Binding Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibody Is a Biomarker for Leucovorin Treatment Response in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Advances in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current and Promising Strategies.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Autism spectrum disorder and a possible role of anti-inflammatory treatments: experience in the pediatric allergy/immunology clinic.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Pre-autism: What a paediatrician should know about early diagnosis of autism.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2023Review
- Viruses and autism: A Bi-mutual cause and effect.World journal of virology · 2023Review
- Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Current Perspectives.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The identification of brain-targeted autoantibodies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) raises the possibility of autoimmune encephalopathy (AIE). Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective for AIE and for some children with ASD. Here, we present the largest case series of children with ASD treated with IVIG. Through an ASD clinic, we screened 82 children for AIE, 80 of them with ASD. IVIG was recommended for 49 (60%) with 31 (38%) receiving the treatment under our care team. The majority of parents (90%) reported some improvement with 71% reporting improvements in two or more symptoms. In a subset of patients, Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and/or Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were completed before and during IVIG treatment. Statistically significant improvement occurred in the SRS and ABC. The antidopamine D2L receptor antibody, the anti-tubulin antibody and the ratio of the antidopamine D2L to D1 receptor antibodies were related to changes in the ABC. The Cunningham Panel predicted SRS, ABC, parent-based treatment responses with good accuracy. Adverse effects were common (62%) but mostly limited to the infusion period. Only two (6%) patients discontinued IVIG because of adverse effects. Overall, our open-label case series provides support for the possibility that some children with ASD may benefit from IVIG. Given that adverse effects are not uncommon, IVIG treatment needs to be considered cautiously. We identified immune biomarkers in select IVIG responders but larger cohorts are needed to study immune biomarkers in more detail. Our small open-label exploratory trial provides evidence supporting a neuroimmune subgroup in patients with ASD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.