Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30096027›Full record

ArticlePublic health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

Mortality, Ethnicity, and Urbanization Among Children Aged 1-4 Years on the US-Mexico Border.

Jill A McDonald, Lindsey Brantley, Leonard J Paulozzi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Urban Scaling of Health Outcomes: a Scoping Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jill A McDonald1 Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Social Services, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.
Lindsey Brantley2 Southwest Institute for Health Disparities Research, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.
Leonard J Paulozzi3 Independent Consultant, Las Cruces, NM, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesLittle is known about the mortality of children along the US-Mexico border. The objective of our study was to determine whether mortality rates among Hispanic children along the border ("border Hispanic children") exceeded mortality rates among non-Hispanic white children along the border.

methodsWe examined mortality rates from 2001-2015 for children aged 1-4 years in US-Mexico border counties and in the United States overall. We compared mortality rates among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white children by county urbanization level (large central, medium, and small metropolitan; micropolitan nonmetropolitan; and noncore nonmetropolitan).

resultsDuring 2001-2015, 1811 children aged 1-4 years died in the border region. The mortality rate per 100 000 children among border Hispanic children (28.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 26.8-29.9) exceeded the mortality rate of US Hispanic children (24.7; 95% CI, 24.3-25.1) and border non-Hispanic white children (23.2; 95% CI, 20.8-25.6). When stratified by county urbanization level, however, mortality rates of border Hispanic children were not significantly different from mortality rates of US Hispanic or border non-Hispanic white children. Mortality rates in noncore nonmetropolitan counties were twice those in large central metropolitan counties, with injury mortality accounting for most of the excess. Mortality rates increased in nonmetropolitan border counties after 2010.

conclusionsIncreased risk for injury and disease in noncore nonmetropolitan counties might be related to poverty, reduced access to care, or poorer quality of care. Future research should identify the remediable risk factors in such communities as the next step in preventing deaths among children aged 1-4 years.

Indexed as

UrbanizationCause of DeathChild, PreschoolFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansInfantMaleMexicoMortalityUnited StatesWhite PeopledisparityHispanicmortalitypediatricurbanizationUS-Mexico border

Identifiers

PMID30096027
PMCPMC6134558

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.