Observational studyBMJ open2018
Maternal anemia and underweight as determinants of pregnancy outcomes: cohort study in eastern rural Maharashtra, India.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 73 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry
Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia Post-delivery (PRIORITY Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of anemia in India: a systematic review, meta-analysis and geospatial analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal low and high hemoglobin concentrations and associations with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Maternal hemoglobin concentrations across pregnancy and maternal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of Lipid-Based Multiple Micronutrients Supplementation in Underweight Primigravida Pre-Eclamptic Women on Maternal and Pregnancy Outcomes: Randomized Clinical Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Trial
- Anemia and adverse outcomes in pregnancy: subgroup analysis of the CLIP cluster-randomized trial in India.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Trial
- Effects of prophylactic iron supplementation on outcome of nonanemic pregnant women: A non-randomized clinical trial.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2019Trial
- Exploring the interplay of maternal anemia and BMI in determining low birth weight among rural Indian children: evidence from NFHS-5.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Perinatal mental health and its social determinants: qualitative findings from rural Telangana.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of anaemia among pregnant women using biomass fuel in rural Tamil Nadu: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Cohort profile: the Maharashtra Anaemia Study 3 (MAS 3)-a maternal-child cohort study up to age 18 years in India.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and determinants of stillbirth disparities in India: a geospatial hotspot clustering study using integrated population-level data.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- The Determinants of Coexisting Anemia and Undernutrition Among Pregnant Women in Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of contraception uptake on pregnancy outcomes among young women: evidence from the Indian demographic health surveys.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Maternal anaemia and risk of neonatal and infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of 45 national datasets.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Review
- Diagnostic performance of red cell indices in detecting iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among rural adolescent girls aged 14-19 years in Nagpur District.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy and Infant Birth Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Eastern Maharashtra, India.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy and its correlates vary by trimester and hemoglobin assessment method in Eastern Maharashtra, India.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo study the trend in the prevalence of anaemia and low BMI among pregnant women from Eastern Maharashtra and evaluate if low BMI and anaemia affect pregnancy outcomes.
designProspective observational cohort study.
settingCatchment areas of 20 rural primary health centres in four eastern districts of Maharashtra State, India.
participants72 750 women from the Nagpur site of Maternal and Newborn Health Registry of NIH's Global Network, enrolled from 2009 to 2016.
main outcome measuresMode of delivery, pregnancy related complications at delivery, stillbirths, neonatal deaths and low birth weight (LBW) in babies.
resultsOver 90% of the women included in the study were anaemic and over a third were underweight (BMI <18 kg/m2) and with both conditions. Mild anaemia at any time during delivery significantly increased the risk (Risk ratio; 95% confidence interval (RR;(95% CI)) of stillbirth (1.3 (1.1-1.6)), neonatal deaths (1.3 (1-1.6)) and LBW babies (1.1 (1-1.2)). The risks became even more significant and increased further with moderate/severe anaemia any time during pregnancy for stillbirth (1.4 (1.2-1.8)), neonatal deaths (1.7 (1.3-2.1)) and LBW babies (1.3 (1.2-1.4)).,. Underweight at anytime during pregnancy increased the risk of neonatal deaths (1.1 (1-1.3)) and LBW babies (1.2;(1.2-1.3)).The risk of having stillbirths (1.5;(1.2-1.8)), neonatal deaths (1.7;(1.3-2.3)) and LBW babies (1.5;(1.4-1.6)) was highest when - the anaemia and underweight co-existed in the included women. Obesity/overweight during pregnancy increased the risk of maternal complications at delivery (1.6;(1.5-1.7)) and of caesarean section (1.5;(1.4-1.6)) and reduced the risk of LBW babies 0.8 (0.8-0.9)).
conclusionMaternal anaemia is associated with enhanced risk of stillbirth, neonatal deaths and LBW. The risks increased if anaemia and underweight were present simultaneously. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01073475.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.