Trial reportPloS one2018
Diabetes prevalence in rural Indigenous Guatemala: A geographic-randomized cross-sectional analysis of risk.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population Heterogeneity of Diabetes in Indigenous Peoples of the Americas: A Systematic Scoping Review of the Existing Literature.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Implementing a Community-Centered Approach to Gestational Diabetes Screening in Rural Guatemala: A Process Report.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes in Guatemala: a nationally representative survey among reproductive-age women.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Type 5 diabetes: a 70-year perspective and its implications for the Americas.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Review
- Prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous women in Guatemala: a retrospective chart review.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous women in Guatemala: A retrospective chart review study of 13 643 patients between 2015-2022.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Auricular Acupuncture for Lowering Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study.Medical acupuncture · 2023Article
- Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in diabetes prevalence and management among the adult population in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2022Article
- Pseudoexfoliation and Cataract Syndrome Associated with Genetic and Epidemiological Factors in a Mayan Cohort of Guatemala.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Using Community Health Workers and a Smartphone Application to Improve Diabetes Control in Rural Guatemala.Global health, science and practice · 2020Article
- Feasibility of satellite image and GIS sampling for population representative surveys: a case study from rural Guatemala.International journal of health geographics · 2020Article
- Current State of Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Latin America: Challenges and Innovative Solutions to Improve Health Outcomes Across the Continent.Current diabetes reports · 2020Review
- The importance of the cultural dimension of food in understanding the lack of adherence to diet regimens among Mayan people with diabetes.Public health nutrition · 2019Article
- Ongoing challenges in access to diabetes care among the indigenous population: perspectives of individuals living in rural Guatemala.International journal for equity in health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDeveloping countries and Indigenous populations are disproportionately affected by global trends in diabetes (T2DM), but inconsistent data are available to corroborate this pattern in Guatemala and indigenous communities in Central America. Historic estimates of T2DM, using a variety of sampling techniques and diagnostic methods, in Guatemala include a T2DM prevalence of: 4·2% (1970) and 8·4% (2003). Objectives of this geographically randomized, cross-sectional analysis of risk include: (1) use HbA1c to determine prevalence of T2DM and prediabetes in rural Indigenous community of Atitlán (2) identify risk factors for T2DM including age, BMI and gender.
methodsA spatially random sampling method was used to identify 400 subjects. Prevalence was compared using the confidence interval method, and logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess association between diabetes and risk factors.
findingsThe overall prevalence of T2DM using HbA1c was 13·81% and prediabetes was also 13·81% in Atitlán, representing a tripling in diabetes from historic estimates and a large population with pre-diabetes. The probability of diabetes increased dramatically with increasing age, however no significant overall relationship existed with gender or BMI.
conclusionsDiabetes is a larger epidemic than previously expected and appears to be related to ageing rather than BMI. Our proposed explanations for these findings include: possible Indigenous unique genetic susceptibility to T2DM, shortcomings in BMI as a metric for adiposity in assessing risk, changes in lifestyle and diet, and an overall aging population. The conclusion of this study suggest that (1) T2DM in rural regions of Guatemala may be of epidemic proportion. With pre-diabetes, more than 25% of the population will be diabetic in the very near future; (2) Age is a significant risk factor in the Indigenous population but BMI is not. This suggests that in some populations diabetes may be a disease of ageing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.