ReviewFrontiers in oncology2018
Rationale for Combining Bispecific T Cell Activating Antibodies With Checkpoint Blockade for Cancer Therapy.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of combination versus single-agent immunotherapy for BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Non-superagonist CD28-based dual-signal T cell engager targeting.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- HOXB5 in precision oncology: regulatory networks, functional duality, and clinical prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- CAR-T Cell Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- A 3D tumor spheroid model with robust T cell infiltration for evaluating immune cell engagers.iScience · 2025Article
- Targeting DLL3: Innovative Strategies for Tumor Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Modular Semisynthetic Approach to Generate T Cell-Dependent Bispecific Constructs from Recombinant IgG1 Antibodies.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2024Article
- Advancements in Personalized CAR-T Therapy: Comprehensive Overview of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Hematological Malignancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Bispecific Antibody That Targets the Membrane-Proximal Region of Mesothelin and Retains High Anticancer Activity in the Presence of Shed Mesothelin.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2024Article
- Anticancer therapeutic strategies for targeting mutant p53-Y220C.Journal of biomedical research · 2024Article
- Article
- OMA1 competitively binds to HSPA9 to promote mitophagy and activate the cGAS-STING pathway to mediate GBM immune escape.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Effective cancer immunotherapy combining mRNA-encoded bispecific antibodies that induce polyclonal T cell engagement and PD-L1-dependent 4-1BB costimulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Classification of bladder cancer based on immune cell infiltration and construction of a risk prediction model for prognosis.Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2023Article
- Emerging Immunotherapy Approaches for Treating Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Safety and efficacy of T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies for patients with multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Emerging therapies targeting the delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) in small cell lung cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2023Review
- Tumor-Associated Macrophage-Derived Exosomal LINC01232 Induces the Immune Escape in Glioma by Decreasing Surface MHC-I Expression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Multi-targeted immunotherapeutics to treat B cell malignancies.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Review
- Masking T cell engagers mitigates on-target off-tumor activity.Nature cancer · 2023Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T cells have been established as core effectors for cancer therapy; this has moved the focus of therapeutic endeavors to effectively enhance or restore T cell tumoricidal activity rather than directly target cancer cells. Both antibodies targeting the checkpoint inhibitory molecules programmed death receptor 1 (PD1), PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic lymphocyte activated antigen 4 (CTLA4), as well as bispecific antibodies targeting CD3 and CD19 are now part of the standard of care. In particular, antibodies to checkpoint molecules have gained broad approval in a number of solid tumor indications, such as melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer based on their unparalleled efficacy. In contrast, the efficacy of bispecific antibody-derivatives is much more limited and evidence is emerging that their activity is regulated through diverse checkpoint molecules. In either case, both types of compounds have their limitations and most patients will not benefit from them in the long run. A major aspect under investigation is the lack of baseline antigen-specific T cells in certain patient groups, which is thought to render responses to checkpoint inhibition less likely. On the other hand, bispecific antibodies are also restricted by induced T cell anergy. Based on these considerations, combination of bispecific antibody mediated on-target T cell activation and reversal of anergy bears high promise. Here, we will review current evidence for such combinatorial approaches, as well as ongoing clinical investigations in this area. We will also discuss potential evidence-driven future avenues for testing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.