Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30089883›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2018

Methylation in OTX2 and related genes, maltreatment, and depression in children.

Joan Kaufman, Nicholas F Wymbs, Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz, Catherine Orr, Matthew D Albaugh, Robert Althoff, Kerry O'Loughlin, Hannah Holbrook, Hugh Garavan, Catherine Kearney and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Epigenetic regulation of brain development, plasticity, and response to early-life stress.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  2. Neurobiology of resilience to early life stress.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Epigenetics, Resilience, Protective Factors and Factors Promoting Positive Outcomes: A Scoping Review.International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Biomedicines · 2023
    Article
  11. Biomarkers in Child and Adolescent Depression.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Sensitive period-regulating genetic pathways and exposure to adversity shape risk for depression.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Joan KaufmanCenter for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. joan.kaufman@kennedykrieger.org.
Nicholas F WymbsCenter for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Janitza L Montalvo-OrtizDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7657-8365
Catherine OrrDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Matthew D AlbaughDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Robert AlthoffDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Kerry O'LoughlinDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Hannah HolbrookDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Hugh GaravanDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Catherine KearneyCenter for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Bao-Zhu YangDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Hongyu ZhaoDepartment of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Catherine PeñaFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2884-5035
Eric J NestlerFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7905-2000
Richard S LeeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Stewart MostofskyCenter for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Joel GelernterDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4067-1859
James HudziakDepartment of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
University of Vermont · USKennedy Krieger Institute · USYale University · USAllen Institute for Brain Science · USJohns Hopkins University · USUnited States Department of Veterans Affairs · US

Funding

REPRESSIVE HISTONE AND DNA METHYLATION IN RODENT DEPRESSION MODELSP50MH096890 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ALLIS, CHARLES DAVID · 2012 to 2021
$20.2M
RESEARCH TRAINING - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCEST32MH014276 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Marina R Picciotto · 1985 to 2026
$7.2M
Social adversities, epigenetics, and the obesity epidemicR01MD011746 · NIMHD · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI HOYO, CATHRINE · 2017 to 2021
$4.4M
Risk and Resilience in Maltreated ChildrenR01MH098073 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HUDZIAK, JAMES J., KAUFMAN, JOAN R. · 2012 to 2015
$3.0M
NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD011746NIMH NIH HHS L40 MH108486NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH096890NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH098073NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH014276U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) MH098073U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) MH14276U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) MD011746-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Through unbiased transcriptomics and multiple molecular tools, transient downregulation of the Orthodenticle homeobox 2 (OTX2) gene was recently causatively associated with the development of depressive-like behaviors in a mouse model of early life stress. The analyses presented in this manuscript test the translational applicability of these findings by examining peripheral markers of methylation of OTX2 and OTX2-regulated genes in relation to measures of depression and resting-state functional connectivity data collected as part of a larger study examining risk and resilience in maltreated children. The sample included 157 children between the ages of 8 and 15 years (χ = 11.4, SD = 1.9). DNA specimens were derived from saliva samples and processed using the Illumina 450 K beadchip. A subset of children (N = 47) with DNA specimens also had resting-state functional MRI data. After controlling for demographic factors, cell heterogeneity, and three principal components, maltreatment history and methylation in OTX2 significantly predicted depression in the children. In terms of the imaging data, increased OTX2 methylation was found to be associated with increased functional connectivity between the right vmPFC and bilateral regions of the medial frontal cortex and the cingulate, including the subcallosal gyrus, frontal pole, and paracingulate gyrus-key structures implicated in depression. Mouse models of early stress hold significant promise in helping to unravel the mechanisms by which child adversity confers risk for psychopathology, with data presented in this manuscript supporting a potential role for OTX2 and OTX2-related (e.g., WNT1, PAX6) genes in the pathophysiology of stress-related depressive disorders in children.

Indexed as

Child AbuseAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionDNA MethylationFemaleHumansMaleOtx Transcription FactorsPrefrontal CortexPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesOTX2 protein, humanOtx Transcription Factors

Identifiers

PMID30089883
PMCPMC6135753
OpenAlexW2884139444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.