Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30089280›Full record

ArticleCaries research2019

Association between a New Sugar Index and Caries Experience: Results of a Cross-Sectional Field Study.

Klaus Pieper, Julia Winter, Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, Jutta Margraf-Stiksrud

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Caries research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Comparison of different cariogenic dietary assessment methods in children.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Klaus PieperDepartment of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germanyprofpieper@t-online.de.
Julia WinterDepartment of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
Monika Heinzel-GutenbrunnerDepartment of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
Jutta Margraf-StiksrudFaculty of Psychology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aim of this study was to test the relationship between a newly developed sugar index and caries experience in 4th- and 6th-graders. MATERIALS AND

methodsA total of 1,019 fourth-graders and 925 sixth-graders from 2 regions in Northern Germany participated in the study. Caries experience was recorded by applying the ICDAS criteria. Tooth-brushing habits and other independent variables were examined psychometrically. Structured questions were formulated that were related to specific everyday eating situations, especially between main meals, which proved to be relevant for a higher caries risk. To compare mean caries scores, nonparametric tests were applied. The Pearson coefficient was calculated in order to verify the correlation between the sugar index and the caries experience. The influence of various independent variables on caries experience was assessed by stepwise backward logistic regression analysis.

resultsWith regard to the primary teeth of the 4th-graders, significant correlations with values > 0.1 were found for all ICDAS outcome variables. With regard to the permanent teeth of the 6th-graders, the only significant correlations with the sugar index were for the ICDAS outcome variables D3-6MFT and D3-6FS.

conclusionThe results of our study show that not only the correlation between the sugar index and caries experience was stronger for 4th-graders than for 6th-graders, but also more distinctly visible differences were observed when comparing extreme groups. This indicates that protective factors, such as fluoridation and the preventive sealing of fissures, help level out the differences in caries occurrence in older children when compared to younger children.

Indexed as

Dental CariesDietary SugarsChildCross-Sectional StudiesDMF IndexFluoridationGermanyHumansSugarsDietary SugarsSugarsCross-sectional studyDietFissure sealantsFourth-gradersICDASPublic dental healthSixth-gradersSugar index

Identifiers

PMID30089280
PMCPMC6425851

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.