ArticlePLoS pathogens2018
Human papillomavirus type 16 antagonizes IRF6 regulation of IL-1β.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pyroptosis in cancer therapy: a double-edged sword for immune activation and tumor progression.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Role of NTRK Fusion Genes in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of HPV (+/-) Cervical Cancer.Journal of medical virology · 2025Review
- The role of innate immunity triggered by HPV infection in promoting cervical lesions.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- IRF6 controls Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic reactivation and differentiation in EBV-infected epithelial cells.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The Epithelial Immune Response to Human Papillomavirus Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- HPV16 E7 inhibits HBD2 expression by down-regulation of ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway in cervical cancer.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Analysis of Hepatic Lentiviral Vector Transduction: Implications for Preclinical Studies and Clinical Gene Therapy Protocols.Viruses · 2025Article
- IRF6 Enhances IFN-β Expression and Inhibits Viral Replication to Reduce the Severity of Herpetic Stromal Keratitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- HPV and co-infections: impacts on semen inflammation, oxidative stress, and sperm quality.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of hepatic lentiviral vector transduction; implications for preclinical studies and clinical gene therapy protocols.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Interleukin-1β promotes human metapneumovirus replication via activating the cGAS-STING pathway.Virus research · 2024Review
- Impact of high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus infections on the male genital tract: effects on semen inflammation and sperm quality.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Human papillomavirus associated cervical lesion: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.MedComm · 2023Review
- Natural killer cells and their exosomes in viral infections and related therapeutic approaches: where are we?Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Article
- Identification and Analysis of Potential Immune-Related Biomarkers in Endometriosis.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- Systematic Analysis of IL-1 Cytokine Signaling Suppression by HPV16 Oncoproteins.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Article
- The Interplay between Viruses and Host DNA Sensors.Viruses · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) and other oncoviruses have been shown to block innate immune responses and to persist in the host. However, to avoid viral persistence, the immune response attempts to clear the infection. IL-1β is a powerful cytokine produced when viral motifs are sensed by innate receptors that are members of the inflammasome family. Whether oncoviruses such as HPV16 can activate the inflammasome pathway remains unknown. Here, we show that infection of human keratinocytes with HPV16 induced the secretion of IL-1β. Yet, upon expression of the viral early genes, IL-1β transcription was blocked. We went on to show that expression of the viral oncoprotein E6 in human keratinocytes inhibited IRF6 transcription which we revealed regulated IL-1β promoter activity. Preventing E6 expression using siRNA, or using E6 mutants that prevented degradation of p53, showed that p53 regulated IRF6 transcription. HPV16 abrogation of p53 binding to the IRF6 promoter was shown by ChIP in tissues from patients with cervical cancer. Thus E6 inhibition of IRF6 is an escape strategy used by HPV16 to block the production IL-1β. Our findings reveal a struggle between oncoviral persistence and host immunity; which is centered on IL-1β regulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.