Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2018
Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy and Lactation and Infant Growth.
Erratum issued Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01924013 (Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation to Improve Infant Linear Growth in Dhaka, Bangladesh.), which is not on this map. Cited by 119 papers, 20 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed, 20 pooled it
20.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation to Improve Infant Linear Growth in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 20 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma: a meta-analytic perspective.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of vitamin and multiple micronutrient supplementation for pregnant and/or lactating women on maternal and infant nutritional status in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy on Maternal, Neonatal, and Infant Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D deficiency in fetal growth restriction: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Association of maternal prenatal copper concentration with gestational duration and preterm birth: a multicountry meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Suboptimal gestational weight gain and neonatal outcomes in low and middle income countries: individual participant data meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- Risk factors for inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain in 25 low- and middle-income countries: An individual-level participant meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D Supplementation and Vitamin D Status during Pregnancy and the Risk of Congenital Anomalies-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Maternal vitamin D and growth of under-five children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and interventional studies.Global health action · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
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- Association of maternal prenatal selenium concentration and preterm birth: a multicountry meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D in Breastfed Infants: Systematic Review of Alternatives to Daily Supplementation.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions to improve linear growth during exclusive breastfeeding life-stage for children aged 0-6 months living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review with network and pairwise meta-analyses.Gates open research · 2019Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation higher than 2000 IU/day compared to lower dose on maternal-fetal outcome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
22 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Daniel E RothFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0001-7742-0925
Shaun K MorrisFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Stanley ZlotkinFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Alison D GernandFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Tahmeed AhmedFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Shaila S ShantaFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Eszter PappFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Jill KorsiakFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Joy ShiFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
M Munirul IslamFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ishrat JahanFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Farhana K KeyaFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Andrew R WillanFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Rosanna WeksbergFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Minhazul MohsinFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Qazi S RahmanFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Prakesh S ShahFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Kellie E MurphyFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Jennifer StimecFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Lisa G PellFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Huma QamarFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Abdullah Al MahmudFrom the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
University of Toronto · CAInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research · BDCentre for Global Health Research · CA3M (United States) · USPennsylvania State University · USSinai Hospital · US
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt is unclear whether maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation improves fetal and infant growth in regions where vitamin D deficiency is common.
methodsWe conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Bangladesh to assess the effects of weekly prenatal vitamin D supplementation (from 17 to 24 weeks of gestation until birth) and postpartum vitamin D supplementation on the primary outcome of infants' length-for-age z scores at 1 year according to World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards. One group received neither prenatal nor postpartum vitamin D (placebo group). Three groups received prenatal supplementation only, in doses of 4200 IU (prenatal 4200 group), 16,800 IU (prenatal 16,800 group), and 28,000 IU (prenatal 28,000 group). The fifth group received prenatal supplementation as well as 26 weeks of postpartum supplementation in the amount of 28,000 IU (prenatal and postpartum 28,000 group).
resultsAmong 1164 infants assessed at 1 year of age (89.5% of 1300 pregnancies), there were no significant differences across groups in the mean (±SD) length-for-age z scores. Scores were as follows: placebo, -0.93±1.05; prenatal 4200, -1.11±1.12; prenatal 16,800, -0.97±0.97; prenatal 28,000, -1.06±1.07; and prenatal and postpartum 28,000, -0.94±1.00 (P=0.23 for a global test of differences across groups). Other anthropometric measures, birth outcomes, and morbidity did not differ significantly across groups. Vitamin D supplementation had expected effects on maternal and infant serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium concentrations, maternal urinary calcium excretion, and maternal parathyroid hormone concentrations. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of adverse events across groups, with the exception of a higher rate of possible hypercalciuria among the women receiving the highest dose.
conclusionsIn a population with widespread prenatal vitamin D deficiency and fetal and infant growth restriction, maternal vitamin D supplementation from midpregnancy until birth or until 6 months post partum did not improve fetal or infant growth. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01924013 .).
Indexed as
Dietary SupplementsAdultBangladeshBody HeightDeveloping CountriesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodFemaleFetal Growth RetardationGrowthHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLactationPostpartum PeriodPregnancy25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin DVitamins
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NCT01924013ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.