Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2018
Labor Induction versus Expectant Management in Low-Risk Nulliparous Women.
17 registry-linked trialsAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 17 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 360 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
360citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Induction in Nulliparous Women at 39 Weeks to Prevent Adverse Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Induction of Labor in Women With Unfavorable Cervix: Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Outpatient to Inpatient Cervical Ripening Using Dilapan-S® (HOMECARE)
Labor Induction With Double Balloon Device, Oral Misoprostol and Concomitant Use of Both. Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial- IDOM Trial
Dilapan-S®: A Multicenter US E-registry
Longitudinal Ultrasound Evaluation of Dilapan-S During Cervical Ripening
Patients Acceptance Towards Elective Induction of Labor at 39th Week of Gestation (PALI)
Cervical Ripening With Foley Bulb Versus Dilapan-S at Home: a Randomized Trial
The Effectiveness and Safety of Double-balloon Versus Vaginal Prostaglandin for Cervical Ripening in Women With Low-risk Pregnancies: A Randomized Controlled Trial (DOBA-PRO)
Impact of a Video Education Tool for the Second Stage of Labor
Foley Catheter Versus Prostaglandin E2 Vaginal Suppository for Labor Induction at Term: a Pilot Study
Cook Balloon vs Dilapan-S for Outpatient Cervical Ripening
Misoprostol Dosing in BMI Greater Than 30: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Tension Versus Tension-Free Foley Balloon for Cervical Ripening in Nulliparous Women Undergoing Induction of Labor: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Visual Aids for Induction of Labor (IOL): A Randomized Controlled Trial for Assessment of Patient IOL Knowledge
NCT06199154 early_phase1recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation
Induction of Labor in Morbidly Obese Patients: Comparison of 50 mcg and 25 mcg Misoprostol - A Randomized Control Trial
Azithromycin to Prevent Chorioamnionitis in Women Undergoing Induction of Labor, a Randomized Control Trial
Evaluation of Biomarkers in Term Labor Induction in Low-Risk Nulliparous Patients: Toward Better Prediction of Induction Outcomes
Who cites it
360 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Oral misoprostol (PGE1) vs vaginal dinoprostone (PGE2) for labor induction: individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with suspected macrosomia undergoing induction of labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Pooled it
- Acupuncture for induction of labor in uncomplicated term pregnancies and the role of the acupoint selection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: An Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Guideline
- Risk factors of neonatal stroke from different origins: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Comparison of Maternal Labor-Related Complications and Neonatal Outcomes Following Elective Induction of Labor at 39 Weeks of Gestation vs Expectant Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Tugging the Foley catheter balloon every 3 h in nulliparous induction of labor: A randomized controlled trial.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Trial
- Priming of labor with tafoxiparin in nulliparous term pregnant women with unripe cervix-Proof-of-concept and dose-finding results from a randomized controlled trial.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Trial
- Study protocol FRENCH-ARRIVE: labor induction in low-risk nulliparous women at 39 weeks of gestation to reduce cesarean births: a randomized trial of induction versus expectant management in France.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Trial
- Placental Growth Factor Led Management of the Small for Gestational Age Fetus: Randomised Controlled Feasibility Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Trial
- Effect of increased oxytocin doses on the mode of delivery in obese primiparous women with spontaneous or induced labour. A double-blind, randomised, controlled trial (PROXYMA).BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Trial
- Timing of birth to improve outcomes in chronic or gestational hypertension: the WILL RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2026Trial
- Association between Induction Start Time and Labor Duration in Nulliparous Women Undergoing Elective Induction of Labor.American journal of perinatology · 2025Trial
- Prevalence and risk factors of maternal dissatisfaction after vaginal delivery: A multicenter prospective study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Trial
- A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin as an adjuvant agent for induction of labor: The MILO trial.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
- A double-blinded randomised controlled study of fluid restriction versus liberal fluid during induction of labour: A pilot study.The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology · 2024Trial
- Oxytocin regimen used for induction of labor and pregnancy outcomes.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Neonatal and maternal outcomes at early vs. full term following induction of labor; A secondary analysis of the OBLIGE randomized trial.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
- Labor induction at 41Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
300 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors.
William A GrobmanFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Madeline M RiceFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Uma M ReddyFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Alan T N TitaFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Robert M SilverFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Gail MallettFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Kim HillFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Elizabeth A ThomFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Yasser Y El-SayedFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Annette Perez-DelboyFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Dwight J RouseFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
George R SaadeFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Kim A BoggessFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Suneet P ChauhanFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Jay D IamsFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Edward K ChienFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Brian M CaseyFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Ronald S GibbsFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Sindhu K SrinivasFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Geeta K SwamyFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Hyagriv N SimhanFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
George A MaconesFrom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal–Fetal Medicine Units Network
Funding
NICHD Maternal Fetal Medicine Units NetworkU10HD040512 · NICHD · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI GROBMAN, WILLIAM ADAM · 2001 to 2015
$8.7MMaternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) NetworkUG1HD040485 · NICHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Noelia Milena Modad Zork · 2016 to 2026
$3.6MNICHD Maternal Fetal Medicine Units NetworkUG1HD087192 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Lorraine Dugoff · 2016 to 2026
$3.6MMaternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network -- The Northwestern Study CenterUG1HD040512 · NICHD · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Lynn M Yee · 2016 to 2026
$3.4MNICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) NetworkUG1HD040500 · NICHD · WOMEN AND INFANTS HOSPITAL-RHODE ISLAND · PI DWIGHT J ROUSE · 2016 to 2026
$3.4MUofU Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network: Clinical CentersUG1HD034208 · NICHD · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI Torri D Metz · 2016 to 2026
$3.4MNICHD Maternal Fetal Medicine Units NetworkUG1HD027915 · NICHD · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Maged Costantine · 2016 to 2026
$3.3MNICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units NetworksUG1HD027869 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI ALAN THEVENET N. TITA · 2016 to 2026
$3.0MNICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) NetworkUG1HD053097 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI PACHECO, LUIS D · 2016 to 2024
$2.5MNICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) NetworkUG1HD068268 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI EL-SAYED, YASSER Y · 2016 to 2020
$87kNICHD NIH HHS U10 HD040512NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD027869NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD027915NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD034208NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD040485NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD040500NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD040512NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD053097NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD068268NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD087192
Abstract
backgroundThe perinatal and maternal consequences of induction of labor at 39 weeks among low-risk nulliparous women are uncertain.
methodsIn this multicenter trial, we randomly assigned low-risk nulliparous women who were at 38 weeks 0 days to 38 weeks 6 days of gestation to labor induction at 39 weeks 0 days to 39 weeks 4 days or to expectant management. The primary outcome was a composite of perinatal death or severe neonatal complications; the principal secondary outcome was cesarean delivery.
resultsA total of 3062 women were assigned to labor induction, and 3044 were assigned to expectant management. The primary outcome occurred in 4.3% of neonates in the induction group and in 5.4% in the expectant-management group (relative risk, 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 1.00). The frequency of cesarean delivery was significantly lower in the induction group than in the expectant-management group (18.6% vs. 22.2%; relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.93).
conclusionsInduction of labor at 39 weeks in low-risk nulliparous women did not result in a significantly lower frequency of a composite adverse perinatal outcome, but it did result in a significantly lower frequency of cesarean delivery. (Funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; ARRIVE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01990612 .).
Indexed as
Labor, InducedPregnancy OutcomeWatchful WaitingAdultCesarean SectionFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, Newborn, DiseasesLabor PainParityPerinatal DeathPostpartum HemorrhagePregnancyPregnancy Trimester, Third
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT01990612ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03665688ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03866772ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04451109ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04529837ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04736342ClinicalTrials.gov
and 11 more above
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.