SynthesisInternational journal for equity in health2018
Social disparities in patient safety in primary care: a systematic review.
Synthesis in International journal for equity in health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Patient Race/Ethnicity, Health Literacy, Socio-Economic Status, and Incidence of Medication Errors: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Socio-Economic Disparities in Access to Diagnostic Neuroimaging Services in the United Kingdom: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Structural Inequalities in Ambulatory Care: A Scoping Review of Access and Quality and the Neglected Dimension of Patient Safety.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Patient Safety in Family Medicine through the Eyes of People with Chronic Conditions in Slovenia.Zdravstveno varstvo · 2026Article
- The Patient Experience Divide: How Income Relates to Care Quality in the Primary Care Setting.Medical care · 2026Article
- Experiences of people from minoritised groups who report healthcare-related harm in the UK: a qualitative socioecological study exploring factors contributing to unsafe care.BMJ open quality · 2026Article
- Toward Safer Diagnoses: A SEIPS-Based Narrative Review of Diagnostic Errors.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Patient-reported harm from NHS treatment or care, or the lack of access to care: a cross-sectional survey of general population prevalence, impact and responses.BMJ quality & safety · 2025Article
- Patient Safety Event Risk and Language Barriers: A Scoping Review.Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety · 2025Article
- Economic case for reducing inequities in patient safety.BMJ open quality · 2025Article
- Risk factors for unexpected death in patients identified by a communication and resolution program.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Article
- Designing an Intervention to Improve Medication Safety for Nursing Home Residents Based on Experiential Knowledge Related to Patient Safety Culture at the Nursing Home Front Line: Cocreative Process Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Impact of hospital readiness on patient safety incidents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: health worker perceptions.BMJ open · 2022Article
- The Magnification of Health Disparities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- The impact of race and socioeconomic factors on paediatric diabetes.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Review
- Trend Analysis of Patient Safety Incidents and Their Associated Factors in Korea Using National Patient Safety Report Data (2017~2019).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Nature and type of patient-reported safety incidents in primary care: cross-sectional survey of patients from Australia and England.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Impact of an Educational Comic to Enhance Patient-Physician-Electronic Health Record Engagement: Prospective Observational Study.JMIR human factors · 2021Article
- Patient-related factors associated with an increased risk of being a reported case of preventable harm in first-line health care: a case-control study.BMC family practice · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatient safety is a quality indicator for primary care and it should be based on individual needs, and not differ among different social groups. Nevertheless, the attention on social disparities in patient safety has been mainly directed towards the hospital care, often overlooking the primary care setting. Therefore, this paper aims to synthesise social disparities in patient safety in the primary care setting.
methodsThe Databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published between January 1st 2006 and January 31st 2017. Papers investigating racial, gender and socioeconomic disparities in regards to administrative errors, diagnostic errors, medication errors and transition of care errors in primary care were included. No distinction in terms of participants' age was made.
resultsWomen and black patients are more likely to experience patient safety events in primary care, although it depends on the type of disease, treatment, and healthcare service. The available literature largely describes gender and ethnic disparities in the different patient safety domains whilst income and educational level are studied to a lesser extent.
conclusionsThe results of this systematic review suggest that vulnerable social groups are likely to experience adverse patient safety events in primary care. Enhancing family doctors' awareness of these inequities is a necessary first step to tackle them and improve patient safety for all patients. Future research should focus on social disparities in patient safety using socioeconomic indicators, such as income and education.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.