Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30086747›Full record

Trial reportBMC oral health2018

INTERVAL (investigation of NICE technologies for enabling risk-variable-adjusted-length) dental recalls trial: a multicentre randomised controlled trial investigating the best dental recall interval for optimum, cost-effective maintenance of oral health in dentate adults attending dental primary care.

Jan E Clarkson, Nigel B Pitts, Debbie Bonetti, Dwayne Boyers, Hazel Braid, Robert Elford, Patrick A Fee, Ruth Floate, Beatriz Goulão, Gerry Humphris and 9 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC oral health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Oral health indices predict individualised recall interval.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2020
    Observational
  5. Article
  6. Association between Subjective Well-Being and Frequent Dental Visits in the German Ageing Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
  7. Are risk-based dental recalls risky?Evidence-based dentistry · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Jan E ClarksonUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Nigel B PittsDental Innovation and Translation Centre, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.
Debbie BonettiUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Dwayne BoyersHealth Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Hazel BraidUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Robert ElfordPatient Representative; Faculty of General Dental Practitioners, London, UK.
Patrick A FeeUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK. p.fee@dundee.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-7188-3416
Ruth FloateUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Beatriz GoulãoHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Gerry HumphrisSchool of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Ian NeedlemanInternational Centre for Evidence-Based Oral Health, Unit of Periodontology, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
John D T NorrieUniversity of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Fiona OrdUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Marjon van der PolHealth Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Craig R RamsayHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
David N J RickettsUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
Helen V WorthingtonDivision of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Linda YoungUniversity of Dundee School of Dentistry, Dundee, UK.
INTERVAL Trial Collaboration

Funding

Chief Scientist Office HERU1Chief Scientist Office HSRU1Department of Health 06/35/99
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraditionally, patients at low risk and high risk of developing dental disease have been encouraged to attend dental recall appointments at regular intervals of six months between appointments. The lack of evidence for the effect that different recall intervals between dental check-ups have on patient outcomes, provider workload and healthcare costs is causing considerable uncertainty for the profession and patients, despite the publication of the NICE Guideline on dental recall. The need for primary research has been highlighted in the Health Technology Assessment Group's systematic review of routine dental check-ups, which found little evidence to support or refute the practice of encouraging 6-monthly dental check-ups in adults. The more recent Cochrane review on recall interval concluded there was insufficient evidence to draw any conclusions regarding the potential beneficial or harmful effects of altering the recall interval between dental check-ups. There is therefore an urgent need to assess the relative effectiveness and cost-benefit of different dental recall intervals in a robust, sufficiently powered randomised control trial (RCT) in primary dental care.

methodsThis is a four year multi-centre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment based in dental primary care in the UK. Practitioners will recruit 2372 dentate adult patients. Patient participants will be randomised to one of three groups: fixed-period six month recall, risk-based recall, or fixed-period twenty-four month recall. Outcome data will be assessed through clinical examination, patient questionnaires and NHS databases. The primary outcomes measure gingival inflammation/bleeding on probing and oral health-related quality of life. DISCUSSION: INTERVAL will provide evidence for the most clinically-effective and cost-beneficial recall interval for maintaining optimum oral health in dentate adults attending general dental practice.

trial registrationISRCTN95933794 (Date assigned 20/08/2008).

Indexed as

Appointments and SchedulesOral HealthQuality of LifeContinuity of Patient CareFemaleGeneral Practice, DentalHumansMalePeriodontal IndexTime FactorsUnited KingdomDental recallOral healthPrimary careRCT

Identifiers

PMID30086747
PMCPMC6081817

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.