ReviewAmerican journal of epidemiology2018
Universal Influenza Vaccines: Progress in Achieving Broad Cross-Protection In Vivo.
Review in American journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A VSV-vector vaccine simultaneously targeting H5N1 hemagglutinin and matrix protein 2 induces robust neutralizing and ADCC antibody responses and provides full protection against lethal H5N1 infection in a mouse model.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Next-generation vaccines for influenza B virus: advancements and challenges.Archives of virology · 2025Review
- Double-layered protein nanoparticles conjugated with truncated flagellin induce improved mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice.Nanoscale horizons · 2024Article
- Article
- Nanoparticles Carrying Conserved Regions of Influenza A Hemagglutinin, Nucleoprotein, and M2 Protein Elicit a Strong Humoral and T Cell Immune Response and Protect Animals from Infection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The repeated setbacks of HIV vaccine development laid the groundwork for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Health policy and technology · 2022Article
- A single-shot vaccine approach for the universal influenza A vaccine candidate M2e.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- A biepitope, adjuvant-free, self-assembled influenza nanovaccine provides cross-protection against H3N2 and H1N1 viruses in mice.Nano research · 2022Article
- Effect of an Adenovirus-Vectored Universal Influenza Virus Vaccine on Pulmonary Pathophysiology in a Mouse Model.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The impact of human vaccines on bacterial antimicrobial resistance. A review.Environmental chemistry letters · 2021Review
- Generation and Characterization of Universal Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Candidates Containing Multiple M2e Epitopes.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Tetramerizing tGCN4 domain facilitates production of Influenza A H1N1 M2e higher order soluble oligomers that show enhanced immunogenicityThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Beyond clinical trials: Evolutionary and epidemiological considerations for development of a universal influenza vaccine.PLoS pathogens · 2020Review
- Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting the Conserved Stem Region of Influenza Hemagglutinin.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of influenza B virus in coastal Kenya as revealed by genomic analysis of strains sampled over a single season.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- Peter's Paradigm and Pandemic Preparedness.Viral immunology · 2020Article
- The Importance of Vaccinating Children and Pregnant Women against Influenza Virus Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite all we have learned since 1918 about influenza virus and immunity, available influenza vaccines remain inadequate to control outbreaks of unexpected strains. Universal vaccines not requiring strain matching would be a major improvement. Their composition would be independent of predicting circulating viruses and thus potentially effective against unexpected drift or pandemic strains. This commentary explores progress with candidate universal vaccines based on various target antigens. Candidates include vaccines based on conserved viral proteins such as nucleoprotein and matrix, on the conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stem, and various combinations. Discussion covers the differing evidence for each candidate vaccine demonstrating protection in animals against influenza viruses of widely divergent HA subtypes and groups; durability of protection; routes of administration, including mucosal, providing local immunity; and reduction of transmission. Human trials of some candidate universal vaccines have been completed or are underway. Interestingly, the HA stem, like nucleoprotein and matrix, induces immunity that permits some virus replication and emergence of escape mutants fit enough to cause disease. Vaccination with multiple target antigens will thus have advantages over use of single antigens. Ultimately, a universal vaccine providing long-term protection against all influenza virus strains might contribute to pandemic control and routine vaccination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.