Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30083622›Full record

ArticleJournal of preventive medicine and hygiene2018

Healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection: role of correct hand hygiene in cross-infection control.

R Ragusa, G Giorgianni, L Lupo, A Sciacca, S Rametta, M La Verde, S Mulè, M Marranzano

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation versus antibiotics for treating clostridioides difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. The Role ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  5. Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Role of diagnostic stewardship in reducing healthcare-facility-onsetAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Risk of Healthcare-AssociatedGastro hep advances · 2022
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Opportunities for Nanomedicine inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Level of Knowledge of Medical Staff on the Basis of the Survey in Terms of Risk Management, Associated withInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  17. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

R RagusaClinical Directorate, University Hospital "G. Rodolico" Catania, Italy.
G GiorgianniSchool of Specialization in Hygiene University of Catania, Italy.
L LupoDepartment of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
A SciaccaMicrobiological Laboratory A.O.U. Policlinico V. Emanuele, Catania, Italy.
S RamettaSchool of Specialization in Hygiene University of Catania, Italy.
M La VerdeSchool of Specialization in Hygiene University of Catania, Italy.
S MulèSchool of Specialization in Hygiene University of Catania, Italy.
M MarranzanoSchool of Specialization in Hygiene University of Catania, Italy.
University of Catania · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionClostridium difficile (CD) is the most common cause of health-care-associated infectious diarrhea with increasing incidence and severity in recent years. The main cause of hospital's acquired cross infections can be attributed to incorrect hand hygiene. We described the epidemiology of CD infection (CDI) in a teaching hospital in Southern Italy during a two years surveillance period and evaluated the health-care workers compliance to hand hygiene.

methodsCDI Incidence rates were calculated as the number of patients with positive C. difficile toxin assay per 10,000 patient-days. Compliance with hand hygiene was the ratio of the number of performed actions to the number of opportunities observed. Approximately 400 Hand Hygiene (HH) opportunities/year /ward were observed. We finally checked out if any correlation could be found.

resultsFrom January 2015 to December 2016 a total number of 854 CD determinations were performed in patients with clinical symptoms of diarrhea. The search for toxins A and B was positive in 175 cases (21,2%), confirming the diagnosis of CDI. Compliance to hand hygiene was significantly inversely associated with the number of CDIs: the lower the compliance of health-care workers with hand hygiene the higher was the number of cases of CDIs (p = 0.003).

conclusionsAccording to our results proper handwashing of health-care workers appears to be a key intervention in interrupting CD cross infections regardless of age and type of department in which the patient is admitted.

Indexed as

Hand HygieneClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCross InfectionHand DisinfectionHospitalizationHumansIncidenceInfection ControlItalyObservationClostridium difficile infectionHA-CDIHands hygienePediatric HAIPrevention HAI

Identifiers

PMID30083622
PMCPMC6069405
OpenAlexW2884548949

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.