ArticleNature medicine2018
Early antiretroviral therapy limits SIV reservoir establishment to delay or prevent post-treatment viral rebound.
Article in Nature medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue origins and immune correlates of viral rebound in SIV-infected rhesus macaques after ART discontinuation.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- The rebound-initiating viral reservoir (RIVR) in SIV/SHIV infection is dominated by plasma virus sequences present at the time of ART initiation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- CD8ɑ+ cells suppress SIV replication without the development of mutations within MHC class-I-restricted epitopes during post-treatment control.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- A Tissue Virus Microenvironment with Activated Stress Responses Underlies Durable SIV Persistence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Boosting SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses prior to ART interruption extends time to SIVmac239 rebound.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Initial sites of SIV rebound after antiretroviral treatment cessation in rhesus macaques.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of natural and pharmacologic control of an SIV variant with an envelope trafficking defect.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- A tissue microenvironment analogous to certain tumor microenvironments facilitates HIV persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CD8ɑ+ cells suppress SIV replication without evidence of viral immune escape during post treatment control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Origin and Correlates of Viral Rebound in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques Following ART Discontinuation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A genetic fingerprint associated with durable HIV remission after interruption of antiretroviral treatment: ANRS VISCONTI/PRIMO.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- HIV-1 latency: From acquaintance to confidant.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Review
- Early treatment and PD1 inhibition enhance HIV-specific functionality of follicular CD8+ T cells.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Immune Alterations and Viral Reservoir Atlas in SIV-Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Exploitation of Unconventional CD8 T-Cell Responses Induced by Engineered Cytomegaloviruses for the Development of an HIV-1 Vaccine.Vaccines · 2025Review
- SHIV remission in macaques with early treatment initiation and ultra long-lasting antiviral activity.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Impact of alemtuzumab-mediated lymphocyte depletion on SIV reservoir establishment and persistence.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Early antiretroviral therapy in SIV-infected rhesus macaques reveals a multiphasic, saturable dynamic accumulation of the rebound competent viral reservoir.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Exploring synergies between B- and T-cell vaccine approaches to optimize immune responses against HIV-workshop report.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
26 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prophylactic vaccination of rhesus macaques with rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antigens (RhCMV/SIV) elicits immune responses that stringently control highly pathogenic SIV infection, with subsequent apparent clearance of the infection, in ~50% of vaccinees. In contrast, here, we show that therapeutic RhCMV/SIV vaccination of rhesus macaques previously infected with SIV and given continuous combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) beginning 4-9 d post-SIV infection does not mediate measurable SIV reservoir clearance during over 600 d of follow-up on cART relative to RhCMV/control vaccination. However, none of the six animals started on cART on day four or five, across both RhCMV/SIV- and RhCMV/control-vaccinated groups, those rhesus macaques with SIV reservoirs most closely resembling those of prophylactically RhCMV/SIV-vaccinated and protected animals early in their course, showed post-cART viral rebound with up to nine months of follow-up. Moreover, at necropsy, these rhesus macaques showed little to no evidence of replication-competent SIV. These results suggest that the early SIV reservoir is limited in durability and that effective blockade of viral replication and spread in this critical time window by either pharmacologic or immunologic suppression may result in reduction, and potentially loss, of rebound-competent virus over a period of ~two years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.