Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30082817›Full record

ArticleNature communications2018

Azole-induced cell wall carbohydrate patches kill Aspergillus fumigatus.

Bernadette Geißel, Veronika Loiko, Isabel Klugherz, Zhaojun Zhu, Nikola Wagener, Oliver Kurzai, Cees A M J J van den Hondel, Johannes Wagener

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. α-1,3-Glucan-Driven Remodeling of the Conidial Cell Wall in anJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
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  19. Shining a light on the impact of antifungals onAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Bernadette GeißelMax von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Pettenkoferstraße 9a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Veronika LoikoMax von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Pettenkoferstraße 9a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Isabel KlugherzMax von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Pettenkoferstraße 9a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Zhaojun ZhuMax von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Pettenkoferstraße 9a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Nikola WagenerZell- und Entwicklungsbiologie, Department Biologie II, LMU München, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Oliver KurzaiInstitut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
Cees A M J J van den HondelMolecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Johannes WagenerMax von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Pettenkoferstraße 9a, 80336, Munich, Germany. j.wagener@hygiene.uni-wuerzburg.de.
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DEInstitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene · DELeibniz-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie e. V. - Hans-Knöll-Institut (HKI) · DELeiden University · NLUniversity of Würzburg · DEUrologische Klinik München · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Azole antifungals inhibit the fungal ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, resulting in either growth inhibition or killing of the pathogen, depending on the species. Here we report that azoles have an initial growth-inhibitory (fungistatic) activity against the pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus that can be separated from the succeeding fungicidal effects. At a later stage, the cell wall salvage system is induced. This correlates with successive cell integrity loss and death of hyphal compartments. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy reveals excessive synthesis of cell wall carbohydrates at defined spots along the hyphae, leading to formation of membrane invaginations and eventually rupture of the plasma membrane. Inhibition of β-1,3-glucan synthesis reduces the formation of cell wall carbohydrate patches and delays cell integrity failure and fungal death. We propose that azole antifungals exert their fungicidal activity by triggering synthesis of cell wall carbohydrate patches that penetrate the plasma membrane, thereby killing the fungus. The elucidated mechanism may be potentially exploited as a novel approach for azole susceptibility testing.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsAspergillus fumigatusAzolesCarbohydratesCell WallDrug Resistance, FungalEchinocandinsFungal ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, FungalGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHyphaeLipopeptidesMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMicroscopy, ConfocalMicroscopy, FluorescenceSpores, FungalAntifungal AgentsAzolesCarbohydratesEchinocandinsFungal ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLipopeptides

Identifiers

PMID30082817
PMCPMC6078979
OpenAlexW2886381655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.