Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30082454›Full record

ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2019

Efferent Inhibition of the Cochlea.

Paul Albert Fuchs, Amanda M Lauer

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Efferent Inhibition of Hair Cells: Past, Present and Future.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026
    Review
  2. Spontaneous Calcium Signalling in the Developing Mammalian Cochlea.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Electrical Control of the Transduction Channels' Gating Force in Mechanosensory Hair Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Co-release of GABA and ACh from Medial Olivocochlear Neurons as a Fine Regulatory Mechanism of Cochlear Efferent Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. The Medial Olivocochlear Efferent Pathway Potentiates Cochlear Amplification in Response to Hearing Loss.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  11. GABAergic synapses between auditory efferent neurons and type II spiral ganglion afferent neurons in the mouse cochlea.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Extracellular vesicles for developing targeted hearing loss therapy.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Genetic tools for studying cochlear inhibition.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paul Albert FuchsThe Center for Hearing and Balance, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2195.
Amanda M LauerThe Center for Hearing and Balance, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2195.
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

THE CHOLINERGIC RESPONSE OF COCHLEAR HAIR CELLSR01DC001508 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Amanda M. Lauer · 1992 to 2026
$13.2M
AFFERENT SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION IN THE MAMMALIAN COCHLEAR01DC006476 · NIDCD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GLOWATZKI, ELISABETH · 2004 to 2022
$6.4M
Role of olivocochlear efferents in age-related hearing dysfunctionR01DC017620 · NIDCD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI LAUER, AMANDA M. · 2018 to 2022
$2.2M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC001508NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC006476NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC017620
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cholinergic efferent neurons originating in the brainstem innervate the acoustico-lateralis organs (inner ear, lateral line) of vertebrates. These release acetylcholine (ACh) to inhibit hair cells through activation of calcium-dependent potassium channels. In the mammalian cochlea, ACh shunts and suppresses outer hair cell (OHC) electromotility, reducing the essential amplification of basilar membrane motion. Consequently, medial olivocochlear neurons that inhibit OHCs reduce the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of afferent neurons driven by cochlear vibration of inner hair cells (IHCs). The cholinergic synapse on hair cells involves an unusual ionotropic ACh receptor, and a near-membrane postsynaptic cistern. Lateral olivocochlear (LOC) neurons modulate type I afferents by still-to-be-defined synaptic mechanisms. Olivocochlear neurons can be activated by a reflex arc that includes the auditory nerve and projections from the cochlear nucleus. They are also subject to modulation by higher-order central auditory interneurons. Through its actions on cochlear hair cells, afferent neurons, and higher centers, the olivocochlear system protects against age-related and noise-induced hearing loss, improves signal coding in noise under certain conditions, modulates selective attention to sensory stimuli, and influences sound localization.

Indexed as

AnimalsCochleaEfferent PathwaysHair Cells, Auditory, InnerHair Cells, Auditory, OuterHumansIon ChannelsMiceMice, KnockoutNeurotransmitter AgentsSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionIon ChannelsNeurotransmitter Agents

Identifiers

PMID30082454
PMCPMC6496333
OpenAlexW2886400303

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.