ArticleBMJ open2018
Protocol for the study of cervical cancer screening technologies in HIV-infected women living in Rwanda.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of HPV/HIV co-infection on immunosuppression, HPV genotype, and cervical cancer biomarkers.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- HPV DNA testing and treatment strategies for cervical pre-cancer among women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea: a prospective clinical cohort study.BMC global and public health · 2026Article
- Building health research capacity in Africa: the Einstein-Rwanda research and capacity building program.BMC global and public health · 2025Review
- Determinants of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus positivity among Rwandan women living with human immunodeficiency virus.PloS one · 2025Article
- Agreement between Xpert and AmpFire tests for high-risk human papillomavirus among HIV-positive women in Rwanda.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2022Article
- Cervical Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Screening in Rural Indigenous Guatemalan Women: Time to Rethink VIA.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus.CA: a cancer journal for clinicians · 2021Review
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Smartphone-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Positive Women in Western Kenya.JCO global oncology · 2021Article
- Type-specific persistence, clearance and incidence of high-risk HPV among screen-positive Rwandan women living with HIV.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Article
- Twelve-Year Trend in the Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Rwandan Women Living With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- The impact of scaling up cervical cancer screening and treatment services among women living with HIV in Kenya: a modelling study.BMJ global health · 2020Article
- Preliminary Xpert® HPV testing results from a large study of women living with HIV in Rwanda.Journal of virus eradication · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe optimal method(s) for screening HIV-infected women, especially for those living in sub-Saharan Africa, for cervical precancer and early cancer has yet to be established. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A convenience sample of >5000 Rwandan women, ages 30-54 years and living with HIV infection, is being consented and enroled into a cross-sectional study of cervical cancer screening strategies. Participants are completing an administered short risk factor questionnaire and being screened for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) using the Xpert HPV assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, USA), unaided visual inspection after acetic acid (VIA) and aided VIA using the Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA) system (Mobile ODT, Tel Aviv, Israel). Women positive for hrHPV and/or by unaided VIA undergo colposcopy, which includes the collection of two cervical specimens prior to undergoing a four-quadrant microbiopsy protocol. The colposcopy-collected specimens are being tested by dual immunocytochemical staining for p16 ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol was approved by local and institutional review boards for human subjects research. At the completion of the study, results will be disseminated to the scientific community through peer-reviewed publication and to the Rwandan stakeholders through an external advisory panel.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.