Trial reportBMC psychiatry2018
Effect of virtual reality aggression prevention training for forensic psychiatric patients (VRAPT): study protocol of a multi-center RCT.
Trial report in BMC psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07434479 (A Virtual Reality Mindfulness Application for Aggression in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Virtual Reality Mindfulness Application for Aggression in Schizophrenia
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk assessment for aggressive behaviour in schizophrenia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Therapists and ward staff experiences of virtual reality-assisted aggression treatment in a maximum-security forensic psychiatric clinic.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Reducing aggressive behavior in forensic inpatients with virtual reality aggression prevention training-intellectual disability: a pilot study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Virtual reality-assisted psychological treatment of aggression for violent offenders: a pilot descriptive case series in maximum-security forensic psychiatry.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- An Affordances-Based Approach and Scoping Review of Virtual Reality Applications in Forensic Behavioral and Mental Health Assessment and Treatment.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- A pilot study on treatment content in virtual reality-assisted aggression therapy at a maximum-security forensic psychiatric clinic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Virtual Reality Training to Reduce Workplace Violence in Healthcare.Issues in mental health nursing · 2025Article
- VR-assisted aggression treatment in forensic psychiatry: a qualitative study in patients with severe mental disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Adverse Effects of Virtual and Augmented Reality Interventions in Psychiatry: Systematic Review.JMIR mental health · 2023Review
- The impact of childhood maltreatment on aggression, criminal risk factors, and treatment trajectories in forensic psychiatric patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Pinpointing change in virtual reality assisted treatment for violent offenders: a pilot study of Virtual Reality Aggression Prevention Training (VRAPT).Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Virtual reality aggression prevention treatment in a Dutch prison-based population: a pilot study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Virtual reality facial emotion recognition in social environments: An eye-tracking study.Internet interventions · 2021Article
- The Complex Associations Between Early Childhood Adversity, Heart Rate Variability, Cluster B Personality Disorders, and Aggression.International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology · 2021Article
- Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation in Forensic Psychiatry and Adjacent Clinical Fields: A Review of Current Assessment and Treatment Methods for Practitioners.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
- Emotion Regulation and Self-Harm Among Forensic Psychiatric Patients.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Dynamic Interactive Social Cognition Training in Virtual Reality (DiSCoVR) for People With a Psychotic Disorder: Single-Group Feasibility and Acceptability Study.JMIR mental health · 2020Article
- Virtual Reality Aggression Prevention Therapy (VRAPT) versus Waiting List Control for Forensic Psychiatric Inpatients: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Integrating People, Context, and Technology in the Implementation of a Web-Based Intervention in Forensic Mental Health Care: Mixed-Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany patients residing in forensic psychiatric centers have difficulties regulating their aggression in an adequate manner. Therefore, they are frequently involved in conflicts. Evidenced-based aggression therapies in forensic psychiatry are scarce, and due to the highly secured environment, it is hard to practice real-life provocations. We have developed a Virtual Reality aggression prevention training (VRAPT), providing safe virtual environments, in which patients can practice controlling their aggressive behaviors in an adequate way. The main objective of this study is to examine whether VRAPT is effective in reducing aggression among forensic psychiatric inpatients.
methodsFour forensic psychiatric centers in the Netherlands are participating in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to either VRAPT or a waiting list. The two groups will be compared at several different time points: baseline (12 weeks before intervention), pre-intervention, post-intervention and at 12 weeks follow-up. After follow-up measurements are completed, participants from the waiting list will also receive VRAPT. The primary outcome is level of aggressive behavior, consisting of staff-reported and self-reported measures. Secondary outcomes are self-report questionnaires on e.g., anger, impulsivity and aggression. DISCUSSION: To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to examine the effectiveness of a VR aggression prevention training in forensic psychiatric centers. Further details on the methodological issues are discussed in this paper.
trial registrationDutch Trial Register ( NTR, TC = 6340 ). Retrospectively registered 14-04-2017.
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