Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2019
An open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled study on the effectiveness of a novel probiotics administration protocol (ProbiotiCKD) in patients with mild renal insufficiency (stage 3a of CKD).
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 47 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Gut Microbiome Modulation on Uremic Toxin Reduction in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Biotic Supplements in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Microecological Preparations for Improving Renal Function and Metabolic Profiles in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotic Supplementation and Micronutrient Status in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Rifaximin Therapy for Lowering Gut-Derived Cardiovascular Toxins and Inflammation in CKD.Kidney360 · 2020Trial
- Review
- Gut Microbiota and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Complex Interplay with Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Impact of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Gut-kidney axis: Dysbiosis and renal disease.World journal of nephrology · 2026Review
- Intestinal metabolite TMAO promotes CKD progression by stimulating macrophage M2 polarization through histone H4 lysine 12 lactylation.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Microbiota-gut-kidney axis in health and renal disease.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Gut Dysbiosis and Probiotic Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Kidney-Gut Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Therapeutic Perspectives from Microbiota Modulation and Nutrition.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Depression in Diarrhea-Predominant IBS Patients: Exploring the Link Between Gut Barrier Dysfunction and Erythrocyte Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and kidney dysfunction.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- Cognitive impairment in CKD patients: a guidance document by the CONNECT network.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeGut dysbiosis has been described in advanced, but not in initial stages of CKD. Considering the relevant impact of gut dysbiosis on renal and cardiovascular risk, its diagnosis and treatment are clinically relevant.
methodsWe designed, open-label, placebo-controlled intervention study (ProbiotiCKD) to evaluate gut microbiota metabolism in a cohort of KDIGO CKD patients (n = 28) at baseline and after a randomly assigned treatment with probiotics or placebo. Gut microbiota status was evaluated on:.
resultsBasal mean fecal Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteria concentrations were abnormally low in both groups, while urinary indican and 3-MI levels were, indicating a mixed (fermentative and putrefactive) dysbiosis. After treatment, mean fecal Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteria concentrations were increased, only in the probiotics group (p < 0.001). Conversely, mean urinary indican and 3-MI levels only in the group treated with probiotics (p < 0.001). Compared to placebo group, significant improvements of C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), iron (p < 0.001), ferritin (p < 0.001), transferrin saturation (p < 0.001), β2-microglobulin (p < 0.001), serum iPTH and serum calcium were observed only in the probiotics group.
conclusionsProbiotiCKD is the first intervention study demonstrating that an intestinal mixed dysbiosis is present even in early CKD stage and can be effectively corrected by the novel mode of administration of high-quality probiotics with improvement of inflammatory indices, iron status and iPTH stabilization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.