ArticleMucosal immunology2018
Cytomegalovirus promotes intestinal macrophage-mediated mucosal inflammation through induction of Smad7.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Breaking barriers: how cytomegaloviruses manipulate myeloid cells to invade tissues.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- RhCMV expands CCR5+ memory T cells and promotes SIV reservoir seeding in the gut mucosa.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Article
- Cytomegalovirus latency-the sum of subtleties.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Cytomegalovirus infection initiates inflammatory bowel disease by activating a positive MyD88/NF-κB feedback loop in allogeneic skin transplantation mice.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Human intestinal stromal cells promote homeostasis in normal mucosa but inflammation in Crohn's disease in a retinoic acid-deficient manner.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Immune surveillance of cytomegalovirus in tissues.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Commensal microbiome and gastrointestinal mucosal immunity: Harmony and conflict with our closest neighbor.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- HIV Infection Drives Foam Cell Formation via NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A xonotlite nanofiber bioactive 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold based on osteo-/angiogenesis and osteoimmune microenvironment remodeling accelerates vascularized bone regeneration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Smad7 as a positive regulator of intestinal inflammatory diseases.Current research in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of endogenous Smad7 in regulating macrophage phenotype following myocardial infarction.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CClInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Involvement of Smad7 in Inflammatory Diseases of the Gut and Colon Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Effects of Intestinal Fungi and Viruses on Immune Responses and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Insight for Immunotherapy of HCMV Infection.International journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- Shenkang VII Recipe Attenuates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-induced Renal Fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB and SHH Signaling Pathway.Current medical science · 2020Article
- IgA, albumin, and eosinopenia as early indicators of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with acute ulcerative colitis.BMC gastroenterology · 2020Article
- Cytomegalovirus and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) with a Special Focus on the Link with Ulcerative Colitis (UC).Microorganisms · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages in healthy human mucosa are profoundly down-regulated for inflammatory responses (inflammation anergy) due to stromal TGF-β inactivation of NF-κB. Paradoxically, in cytomegalovirus (CMV) intestinal inflammatory disease, one of the most common manifestations of opportunistic CMV infection, intestinal macrophages mediate severe mucosal inflammation. Here we investigated the mechanism whereby CMV infection promotes macrophage-mediated mucosal inflammation. CMV infected primary intestinal macrophages but did not replicate in the cells or reverse established inflammation anergy. However, CMV infection of precursor blood monocytes, the source of human intestinal macrophages in adults, prevented stromal TGF-β-induced differentiation of monocytes into inflammation anergic macrophages. Mechanistically, CMV up-regulated monocyte expression of the TGF-β antagonist Smad7, blocking the ability of stromal TGF-β to inactivate NF-κB, thereby enabling MyD88 and NF-κB-dependent cytokine production. Smad7 expression also was markedly elevated in mucosal tissue from subjects with CMV colitis and declined after antiviral ganciclovir therapy. Confirming these findings, transfection of Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide into CMV-infected monocytes restored monocyte susceptibility to stromal TGF-β-induced inflammation anergy. Thus, CMV-infected monocytes that recruit to the mucosa, not resident macrophages, are the source of inflammatory macrophages in CMV mucosal disease and implicate Smad7 as a key regulator of, and potential therapeutic target for, CMV mucosal disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.