ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2018
Mothers employed in paid work and their predictors for home delivery in Pakistan.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Physical Activity and Counselling Interventions on Health Outcomes among Working Women in Shanghai.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2021Trial
- Prevalence and risk factors of home delivery among rural women: evidence from 28 African countries.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Regional trends, spatial patterns and factors associated with health facility delivery among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Home birth and its associated factors among mothers aged 15-49 years in Somalia: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Home delivery among women with adequate antenatal care: insights from a multilevel analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Bivariate multilevel modeling of antenatal care contacts and place of delivery among reproductive-aged women in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Influencing factors associated with maternal delivery at home in urban areas: a cross-sectional analysis of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 data.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2023Article
- Effects of antenatal care visits and health facility delivery on women's choice to circumcise their daughters in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from demographic and health surveys.International health · 2022Article
- Prevalence, progress, and social inequalities of home deliveries in Ghana from 2006 to 2018: insights from the multiple indicator cluster surveys.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- What influences home delivery among women who live in urban areas? Analysis of 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data.PloS one · 2021Article
- Non-utilization of health facility delivery and its correlates among childbearing women: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2018 Guinea demographic and health survey data.BMC health services research · 2020Article
- Spatio-temporal distribution and associated factors of home delivery in Ethiopia. Further multilevel and spatial analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health surveys 2005-2016.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Statistical Analysis of Maternal Health Disparities Among Working Women and Housewives: A Cross-Sectional Study on Pregnancy-Related Issues, Safe Childbirth, and Maternal Mortality.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
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Abstract
backgroundPakistan has one of the highest rates of maternal and neonatal mortality in the world. It is assumed that employed mothers in paid work will be more empowered to opt for safer institutional deliveries. There is a need to understand the predictors of home deliveries in order to plan policies to encourage institutional deliveries in the region.
methodsThe study aimed to ascertain the predictors for home deliveries among mothers employed in paid work in Pakistan. Data analysis is based on secondary data taken from the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2012-13. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were conducted.
resultsThe findings show that the majority (53.6%) of employed mothers in Pakistan give birth at home. Employed mothers in paid work with the following characteristics had higher chances for delivering at home: (i) women from rural areas (AOR 1.26; 95% CI: 0.94-1.71), or specific regions within Pakistan, (ii) those occupied in unskilled work (AOR 2.61; 95% CI: 1.76-3.88), (iii) women married to uneducated (AOR 1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.66), unemployed (AOR 1.69; 95% CI: 1.21-2.35), or unskilled men (AOR 2.02; 95% CI: 1.49-2.72), (iv) women with more than 7 children (AOR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05-2.35), (v) women who are unable in the prenatal period to have an institutional check-up (AOR 4.84; 95% CI: 3.53-6.65), take assistance from a physician (AOR 3.98; 95% CI: 3.03-5.20), have a blood analysis (AOR 2.63; 95% CI: 1.95-3.57), urine analysis (AOR 2.48; 95% CI: 1.84-3.33) or taken iron tablets (AOR 2.64; 95% CI: 2.06-3.38), and (vi) are unable to make autonomous decisions with regard to spending their earnings (AOR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.27-2.59) and healthcare (AOR 1.12; 95% CI: 0.75-1.65).
conclusionsGreater efforts by the central and provincial state bodies are needed to encourage institutional deliveries and institutional access, quality and cost. Maternal and paternal benefits are needed for workers in both the formal and informal sectors of the economy. Finally, cultural change, through education, media and religious authorities, is necessary to support institutional deliveries and formal sector paid employment and out of home work opportunities for mothers of Pakistan.
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