ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2019
Addressing Intersecting Housing and Overdose Crises in Vancouver, Canada: Opportunities and Challenges from a Tenant-Led Overdose Response Intervention in Single Room Occupancy Hotels.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Provision of peer support at the intersection of homelessness and problem substance use services: a systematic 'state of the art' review.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Emotional reactions of trained overdose responders who use opioids following intervention in an overdose event.Substance abuse · 2022Trial
- The permanent supportive housing overdose prevention project.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Restroom Motion Sensors for Detecting Overdoses.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Access to health and harm reduction services during drug decriminalization in British Columbia, Canada: a mixed-method study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Use of clinic- and community-based overdose prevention services by sex workers who use drugs: findings from a community-based cohort in Vancouver, Canada (2017-2024).Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Understanding overdose risk and response in permanent supportive housing: results of focus groups with tenants, staff, and leaders.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- "It's something we're connected to": Acceptability and adoption of overdose detection technologies implemented in San Francisco permanent supportive housing.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Resident and staff experiences of structural barriers to a housing-based overdose prevention site in Vancouver, Canada: "There is a double standard if you smoke".Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- Staff views on overdose prevention in permanent supportive housing.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Patterns of socioeconomic marginalization and non-fatal overdose among people who use drugs: A gender-stratified repeated measures latent class analysis.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Housing matters: The long-term impact of stable housing on mortality among people with HIV in British Columbia, Canada.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Examining the association between psychological resilience and chronic versus discrete stressors among individuals who use opioids in Baltimore, Maryland.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- A community-academic partnership to develop an implementation support package for overdose prevention in permanent supportive housing.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- "They talk about it like it's an overdose crisis when in fact it's basically genocide": The experiences of Indigenous peoples who use illicit drugs in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside neighbourhood.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Increases in housing rules and surveillance during COVID-19: impacts on overdose and overdose response in a community-based cohort of sex workers who use drugs in Vancouver, BC.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Walk With Me: reducing harm and confronting the toxic drug poisoning crisis in small British Columbia cities through community engaged research.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Radical hospitality: Innovative programming to build community and meet the needs of people who use drugs at a government-sanctioned overdose prevention site in San Francisco, California.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Using alone at home: What's missing in housing-based responses to the overdose crisis?Harm reduction journal · 2024Review
- "It's starting to weigh on me": Exploring the Experiences and Support Needs of Harm Reduction Staff in Connecticut using the Social-Ecological Model.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We examined the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of the Tenant Overdose Response Organizers program (TORO)-a tenant-led naloxone training and distribution intervention. This pilot project was implemented in privately owned single room occupancy (SRO) hotels that were disproportionately affected by overdose in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside (DTES) neighborhood. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 tenants who had participated in a TORO training session and administered naloxone to someone in their SRO hotel or had overdosed in their SRO hotel and received naloxone from another tenant. Focus groups were conducted with 15 peer workers who led the TORO program in their SRO building. Interviews and focus groups were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Ethnographic observation at SRO hotels involved in the intervention was also co-led with peer research assistants. Ten SROs were included in the study. The level of acceptability of the TORO program was high, with participants describing the urgency for an intervention amid the frequency of overdoses in their buildings. Overdose response training enhanced participants' knowledge and skills, and provided them a sense of recognition. Additionally, the TORO program was feasible in some buildings more than others. While it provided important training and engaged isolated tenants, there were structural barriers to program feasibility. The implementation of the TORO program was met with some successes in terms of its reach and community development, but participants also discussed a lack of emotional support due to overdose frequency, leading to burnout and vulnerability. Our findings suggest that the TORO program was affected by social, structural, and physical environmental constraints that impacted program feasibility and implementation. Despite these constraints, peer-led in-reach overdose response interventions are effective tools in addressing overdose risk in SROs. Future housing interventions should consider the intersecting pathways of overdose risk, including how these interventions may exacerbate other harms for people who use drugs. Further research should explore the impacts of environmental factors on overdose response interventions in other housing contexts.
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Registered trials
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