ArticleHippocampus2018
Altered hippocampal GABA and glutamate levels and uncoupling from functional connectivity in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Hippocampus, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Long-Interval Intracortical Inhibition as a Biomarker in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- PET-MRI effects of N-acetylcysteine in patients with multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic Status Is Associated With Reward Processing, Interleukin 1β, Striatal Connectivity, and Antidepressant Outcomes in Individuals With Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Report.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Demyelination-induced glutamatergic imbalance mediates hippocampal Hyperexcitability.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Article
- Digit Span Tests Are More Sensitive than SDMT for Detecting Working Memory Impairment and Correlate with Metabolic Alterations in White Matter and Deep Gray Matter Nuclei in Multiple Sclerosis: A GABA-Edited Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Serum Amino Acid Profiles in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Potential Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative Disorders.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024Review
- Regulation of the E/I-balance by the neural matrisome.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Differences in resting state functional connectivity relative to multiple sclerosis and impaired information processing speed.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- The potential roles of amino acids and their major derivatives in the management of multiple sclerosis.Amino acids · 2022Review
- Neurotransmitters-Key Factors in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Myelination synchronizes cortical oscillations by consolidating parvalbumin-mediated phasic inhibition.eLife · 2022Article
- KangPiLao decoction modulates cognitive and emotional disorders in rats with central fatigue through the GABA/Glu pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- A more unstable resting-state functional network in cognitively declining multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2022Article
- GABA and glutamate in the preterm neonatal brain: In-vivo measurement by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.NeuroImage · 2021Review
- The cross-sectional interplay between neurochemical profile and brain connectivity.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Glutamate connectivity associations converge upon the salience network in schizophrenia and healthy controls.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models: Focus on Mechanisms, Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Multiple Sclerosis Biomarker Discoveries by Proteomics and Metabolomics Approaches.Biomarker insights · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There is growing evidence for dysfunctional glutamatergic excitation and/or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Cognitive impairment may occur during the early stages of MS and hippocampal abnormalities have been suggested as biomarkers. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether changes in hippocampal GABA and glutamate (Glu) levels are associated with cognitive impairment and aberrant neural activity in patients with MS. We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure GABA+ and Glu levels in the left hippocampal region of 29 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 29 healthy controls (HCs). Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) with the hippocampus was also examined. Compared to HCs, patients exhibited significantly lower GABA+ and Glu levels, which were associated with verbal and visuospatial memory deficits, respectively. Patients also showed decreased FC strengths between the hippocampus and several cortical regions, which are located within the default mode network. Moreover, hippocampal GABA+ levels and Glu/GABA+ ratios correlated with the FC strengths in HCs but not in patients with MS. This study describes a novel method for investigating the complex relationships among excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters, brain connectivity and cognition in health and disease. Strategies that modulate Glu and GABA neurotransmission may represent new therapeutic treatments for patients with MS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.