Observational studyBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2018
Loop diuretics decrease the renal elimination rate and increase the plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide.
Observational study in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide Concentrations by Dietary Supplements and Pharmacological Agents: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Pooled it
- A red wine intervention does not modify plasma trimethylamine N-oxide but is associated with broad shifts in the plasma metabolome and gut microbiota composition.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Clonal Hematopoiesis and Gut Microbiota-Derived TMAO as Candidate Amplifiers of Cardiovascular Inflammation: The CHIDT Hypothesis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Intervening at the microbial crossroads: targeting inflammation across the oral-gut-reproductive microbiome crosstalk in atherosclerosis.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Microbiome-Associated Drug Response Variability in Heart Failure Treatment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine-Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Urea, TMAO, betaine and other osmolytes as endogenous diuretics in heart failure and hypertension.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Relationship Between Level of Trimethylamine Oxide and the Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Probenecid increases renal retention and antitumor activity of DFMO in neuroblastoma.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2021Article
- Can diet modulate trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production? What do we know so far?European journal of nutrition · 2021Review
- The Accumulation and Molecular Effects of Trimethylamine N-Oxide on Metabolic Tissues: It's Not All Bad.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Loop Diuretics Inhibit Renal Excretion of TrimethylamineJACC. Basic to translational science · 2021Article
- Metformin decreases bacterial trimethylamine production and trimethylamine N-oxide levels in db/db mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Loop diuretics decrease the renal elimination rate and increase the plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Observational
- Trimethylamine N-oxide and kidney diseases: what do we know?Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTrimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a novel cardiovascular risk marker. We explored the association of commonly used cardiovascular medications with TMAO levels in patients and validated the identified associations in mice.
methodsDetailed history of drug treatment was recorded in 300 patients with cardiovascular disease without diabetes in an observational, cross-sectional study. Animal study was performed in CD1 mice.
resultsMedian plasma TMAO (interquartile range) level was 2.144 (1.570-3.104) μmol l
conclusionsLoop diuretics increased plasma TMAO concentration by decreasing its urinary excretion rate. Loop diuretic use should be considered a potential confounder in TMAO studies.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.