ArticleBMJ open2018
Vitamin D status among adolescents in Kuwait: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Cross-Sectional Study Investigating the Relationship Between theObesity science & practice · 2026Article
- Associations of TAS1R2 and TAS2R38 Genetic Variants with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Obesity Risk in Kuwaiti Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Retrospective Serologic Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Children from Western Romania: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
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- Sex and obesity status modify the association between vitamin D and eczema among adolescents.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Neurological Symptoms That May Represent a Warning in Terms of Diagnosis and Treatment in a Group of Children and Adolescents with Vitamin D Deficiency.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Vitamin D Levels in Children During Winter and the Relationship Between Sunscreen and Sun Protection Behaviors.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2023Article
- Adolescent obesity and ANGPTL8: correlations with high sensitivity C-reactive protein, leptin, and chemerin.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin D binding protein and 25-hydroxylase genes affect vitamin D levels in adolescents of Arab ethnicity in Kuwait.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Article
- Increased LRG1 Levels in Overweight and Obese Adolescents and Its Association with Obesity Markers, Including Leptin, Chemerin, and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Vitamin D level in relation to depression symptoms during adolescence.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2022Article
- Distribution of vitamin D-binding protein/group-specific component gene subtypes in Kuwaiti population.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2022Article
- Association of blood lead level with vitamin D binding protein, total and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in middle-school children.The British journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Lower Blood Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in a Population of Older Adults in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Air pollutants are negatively associated with vitamin D-synthesizing UVB radiation intensity on the ground.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Prevalence of lead toxicity in adolescents in Kuwait.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Vitamin D Status in Children in Greece and Its Relationship with Sunscreen Application.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Alterations in glutathione redox homeostasis among adolescents with obesity and anemia.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIn Kuwait, as in many Arab states in the Gulf region, there are limited data on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of adolescents and investigate factors associated with vitamin D status.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 1416 adolescents aged 11-16 years, who were randomly selected from middle schools in all governorates of Kuwait. Data were collected from parents through self-administered questionnaire and from adolescents through face-to-face interview. Vitamin D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Logistic regression was used to investigate the independent factors associated with vitamin D status.
resultsThe prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 81.21% (95% CI 71.61% to 90.81%), while severe deficiency was 39.48%. Only 3.60% of adolescents were vitamin D-sufficient. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher among girls compared with boys (91.69% vs 70.32%; p<0.001). There was a significant inverse correlation between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (Spearman correlation=-0.35; p<0.001). In the final model, gender, age, governorate, parental education, body mass index, vitamin D supplement and the number of times adolescents walk to schools per week were all significantly related to vitamin D deficiency.
conclusionHigh prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was noted among adolescents in Kuwait despite the abundant sunshine, which may reflect strong sun avoidance behaviour. Adequate outdoor daytime activities should be encouraged especially for girls. We call for locally tailored guidelines for vitamin D supplement in which girls should have a higher dose compared with boys.
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