ArticlePLoS pathogens2018
S-acylation mediates Mungbean yellow mosaic virus AC4 localization to the plasma membrane and in turns gene silencing suppression.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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40 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of the C4 protein encoded by parsley yellow leaf curl virus.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Characterization of the C4 proteins encoded by okra-infecting geminiviruses in India.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Reversible S-palmitoylation of C4 protein encoded by TYLCCxV orchestrates geminiviral pathogenesis.Stress biology · 2026Article
- Viral proteins as discovery tools for cell biology: The case of the geminivirus-encoded C4.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Hairpin-RNA spray confers resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in mungbean.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2025Article
- Viral tropism in plants, reproductive tissues, and seeds.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- LRR-RLK subfamily II of coreceptors: emerging, non-canonical and canonical roles in plant antiviral immunity and development.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Article
- Improvement of plant resistance to geminiviruses via protein de-S-acylation.Stress biology · 2024Article
- Broad functional landscape of geminivirus-encoded C4/AC4 protein.Crop health · 2023Review
- Review
- Differential expression of genes during recovery of Nicotiana tabacum from tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus infection.Planta · 2023Article
- Role of Plant Virus Movement Proteins in Suppression of Host RNAi Defense.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Overexpression of the C4 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus increases tomato resistance to powdery mildew.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- REPercussions: how geminiviruses recruit host factors for replication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Palmitoylation of γb protein directs a dynamic switch between Barley stripe mosaic virus replication and movement.The EMBO journal · 2022Article
- Geminivirus C4 proteins inhibit GA signaling via prevention of NbGAI degradation, to promote viral infection and symptom development in N. benthamiana.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Role of the Sw5 Gene Cluster in the Fight against Plant Viruses.Journal of virology · 2022Review
- Insights into the multifunctional roles of geminivirus-encoded proteins in pathogenesis.Archives of virology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
RNA silencing plays a critical role in plant resistance against viruses. To counteract host defense, plant viruses encode viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) that interfere with the cellular silencing machinery through various mechanisms not always well understood. We examined the role of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) AC4 and showed that it is essential for infectivity but not for virus replication. It acts as a determinant of pathogenicity and counteracts virus induced gene silencing by strongly suppressing the systemic phase of silencing whereas it does not interfere with local production of siRNA. We demonstrate the ability of AC4 to bind native 21-25 nt siRNAs in vitro by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. While most of the known VSRs have cytoplasmic localization, we observed that despite its hydrophilic nature and the absence of trans-membrane domain, MYMV AC4 specifically accumulates to the plasma membrane (PM). We show that AC4 binds to PM via S-palmitoylation, a process of post-translational modification regulating membrane-protein interactions, not known for plant viral protein before. When localized to the PM, AC4 strongly suppresses systemic silencing whereas its delocalization impairs VSR activity of the protein. We also show that AC4 interacts with the receptor-like kinase (RLK) BARELY ANY MERISTEM 1 (BAM1), a positive regulator of the cell-to-cell movement of RNAi. The absolute requirement of PM localization for direct silencing suppression activity of AC4 is novel and intriguing. We discuss a possible model of action: palmitoylated AC4 anchors to the PM by means of palmitate to acquire the optimal conformation to bind siRNAs, hinder their systemic movement and hence suppress the spread of the PTGS signal in the plant.
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