Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30065281›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

Influence of the sebaceous gland density on the stratum corneum lipidome.

Matteo Ludovici, Nina Kozul, Stefano Materazzi, Roberta Risoluti, Mauro Picardo, Emanuela Camera

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Making Sweat Measurable: Induction, Sampling, and Refreshment in Wearable Biofluid Sensing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  9. Review
  10. Cutaneous Hormone Sampling and Analysis for Dermatologic Research.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
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  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Matteo LudoviciLaboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Nina KozulLaboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Stefano MaterazziDepartment of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
Roberta RisolutiDepartment of Chemistry, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
Mauro PicardoLaboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Emanuela CameraLaboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy. emanuela.camera@ifo.gov.it.ORCID 0000-0001-6633-0449
San Gallicano Hospital · ITSapienza University of Rome · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The skin surface lipids (SSL) result from the blending of sebaceous and epidermal lipids, which derive from the sebaceous gland (SG) secretion and the permeability barrier of the stratum corneum (SC), respectively. In humans, the composition of the SSL is distinctive of the anatomical distribution of the SG. Thus, the abundance of sebum biomarkers is consistent with the density of the SG. Limited evidence on the influence that the SG exerts on the SC lipidome is available. We explored the differential amounts of sebaceous and epidermal lipids in areas at different SG density with lipidomics approaches. SC was sampled with adhesive patches from forearm, chest, and forehead of 10 healthy adults (8F, 2M) after mechanical removal of sebum with absorbing paper. Lipid extracts of SC were analysed by HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS. In the untargeted approach, the naïve molecular features extraction algorithm was used to extract meaningful entities. Aligned and normalized data were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistics. Quantitative analysis of free fatty acids (FFA) and cholesterol sulfate (CHS) was performed by targeted HPLC/(-)ESI-TOF-MS, whereas cholesterol and squalene were quantified by GC-MS. Untargeted approaches demonstrated that the relative abundance of numerous lipid species was distinctive of SC depending upon the different SG density. The discriminating species included FFA, CHS, and ceramides. Targeted analyses confirmed that sebaceous FFA and epidermal FFA were increased and decreased, respectively, in areas at high SG density. CHS and squalene, which are biomarkers of epidermal and sebaceous lipid matrices, respectively, were both significantly higher in areas at elevated SG density. Overall, results indicated that the SG secretion intervenes in shaping the lipid composition of the epidermal permeability barrier.

Indexed as

AdultCeramidesCholesterolCholesterol EstersFatty Acids, NonesterifiedFemaleHumansLipidsMalePermeabilitySebaceous GlandsSebumSkinSqualeneCeramidesCholesterolCholesterol Esterscholesteryl sulfateFatty Acids, NonesterifiedLipidsSqualene

Identifiers

PMID30065281
PMCPMC6068117
OpenAlexW2883068468

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.