ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Effect of Depression on Adherence to Oral PrEP Among Men and Women in East Africa.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2024Pooled it
- Combining HIV prevention Options with Mental health service delivery for Adolescent girls and young women (CHOMA): results of a pilot hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- Depression Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Persons Participating in Two Randomized Trials of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring and Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Assessing longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms and the influence of symptom trajectories on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence among adolescent girls in the HPTN 082 randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- "You talk about problems until you feel free": South African adolescent girls' and young women's narratives on the value of HIV prevention peer support clubs.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- Intersecting Vulnerabilities: Depression, Suicidality, and HIV Risk Among Young Mothers in South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- "If I'm Not Okay, I Won't Take the Pills": Anticipating the Effects of Depression and PTSD on PrEP Use Among PrEP Naïve Pregnant and Postpartum Persons in South Africa.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
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- Integration of mental health and HIV service delivery in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of effectiveness.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Medical chart-reported alcohol consumption, substance use, and mental health issues in association with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men.BMC public health · 2024Article
- An Open Letter on Advancing HIV prevention: Augmenting an ecosystem-based approach to understand prevention decision-making.Gates open research · 2024Article
- Predictors of PrEP retention in at risk patients seen at a HIV primary care clinic in San Diego.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2023Article
- Depression and PrEP uptake, interruption, and adherence among young women in Uganda.AIDS care · 2023Article
- The importance of assessing and addressing mental health barriers to PrEP use during pregnancy and postpartum in sub-Saharan Africa: state of the science and research priorities.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Implant Stated Preferences and Priorities: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment Among Women and Adolescent Girls in Gauteng Province, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Symptoms of post-traumatic stress and associations with sexual behaviour and PrEP preferences among young people in South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- PrEP Use and Adherence Among Transgender Patients.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Profiles of Depressive Symptoms Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Mexico: A Latent Class Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Alcohol consumption, substance use, and depression in relation to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men.BMC public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLow adherence can undermine the efficacy of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Mental health conditions, particularly depression, could be associated with low PrEP adherence, especially for women.
settingWe analyzed data from 1013 Kenyan and Ugandan HIV-uninfected participants in the Partners Demonstration Project, an open-label study of PrEP delivered to HIV-uninfected members of serodiscordant couples.
methodsParticipants completed quarterly visits over 2 years and were encouraged to use PrEP until their partners living with HIV had ≥6 months of antiretroviral therapy use (when viral suppression was expected). PrEP adherence was measured daily with electronic medication event monitoring system caps and dichotomized into low (<80% of expected bottle openings) and high adherence. Depression was assessed annually using the 16-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist screening tool; scores >1.75 indicate "probable depression." The association between probable depression and PrEP adherence was assessed separately for men and women using generalized estimating equations and marginal structural models.
resultsAt enrollment, 39 (11.7% of 334) women and 64 (9.4% of 679) men reported symptoms indicating probable depression, and these proportions decreased during follow-up (P < 0.001 for women and men). Probable depression was significantly associated with low PrEP adherence among women (adjusted risk ratio = 1.77; 95% confidence interval: 1.14 to 2.77; P = 0.01); there was no association between depression and adherence among men (P = 0.50). Marginal structural models and sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings.
conclusionsDepression was relatively uncommon in this population and was an independent risk factor for low PrEP adherence among women. For PrEP programs targeting African women, integration of depression screening may improve PrEP effectiveness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.