Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30060980›Full record

Trial reportOphthalmology2018

Progression of Geographic Atrophy in Age-related Macular Degeneration: AREDS2 Report Number 16.

Tiarnan D Keenan, Elvira Agrón, Amitha Domalpally, Traci E Clemons, Freekje van Asten, Wai T Wong, Ronald G Danis, SriniVas Sadda, Philip J Rosenfeld, Michael L Klein and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05062486 (An Open-Label, Randomized, Double Arm, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of C and RQC for Preventing Progression in Age-Related Macular Degeneration), which is not on this map. Cited by 123 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
14.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05062486 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

An Open-Label, Randomized, Double Arm, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of C and RQC for Preventing Progression in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

TypeinterventionalSponsorPaul A Knepper, MD PhDRan2021 to 2024Enrolled55ConditionsAge-related Macular DegenerationArmsResveratrol, Quercetin, Curcumin (RQC), Curcumin
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Factors impacting the assessment of geographic atrophy on ultra‑widefield fundus autofluorescence imaging.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Article

63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Tiarnan D KeenanDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Elvira AgrónDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Amitha DomalpallyFundus Photographic Reading Center, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
Traci E ClemonsThe Emmes Corporation, Rockville, Maryland.
Freekje van AstenNeurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Wai T WongUnit on Microglia, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Ronald G DanisFundus Photographic Reading Center, The University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
SriniVas SaddaDoheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California.
Philip J RosenfeldBascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Michael L KleinCasey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon; Devers Eye Clinic, Portland, Oregon.
Rinki RatnapriyaNeurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Anand SwaroopNeurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Frederick L FerrisDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Emily Y ChewDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Electronic address: echew@nei.nih.gov.
AREDS2 Research Group
National Institutes of Health · USUniversity of Wisconsin System · USUniversity of Miami · USEmmes (United States) · USDoheny Eye Institute · USLegacy Health · US

Funding

Mechanisms, modeling and therapies of retinal and macular neurodegenerationZIAEY000546 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI SWAROOP, ANAND · 2015 to 2025
$36.3M
Evaluation of Oral Minocycline in Treating Geographic Atrophy Associated with Age-Related Macular DegenerationZIAEY000554 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI KEENAN, TIARNAN · 2016 to 2025
$1.4M
The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2)ZIAEY000485 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI CHEW, EMILY Y · 2009 to 2015
$990k
Age-Related Eye Disease Follow-up Study (AREDS) Follow-up StudyZIAEY000489 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI CHEW, EMILY Y · 2009 to 2025
$639k
AREDS II Ancillary Genetics StudyZIAAT000018 · NCCIH · NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE HEALTH · PI CHEW, EMILY · 2011 to 2013
$237k
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 EY999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AT000018Intramural NIH HHS ZIA EY000485Intramural NIH HHS ZIA EY000489
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo analyze the prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics of eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including clinical and genetic factors affecting enlargement.

designProspective cohort study within a controlled clinical trial.

participantsAge-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) participants, aged 50-85 years.

methodsBaseline and annual stereoscopic color fundus photographs were evaluated for GA presence and area. Analyses included GA prevalence and incidence rates, Kaplan-Meier rates, mixed-model regression, and multivariable analysis of the square root of GA, area adjusted for covariates, including clinical/imaging characteristics and genotype.

main outcome measures(1) Presence or development of GA; (2) change in the square root of GA area over time.

resultsAt baseline, 517 eyes (6.2%) of 411 participants (9.8%) had pre-existing GA (without neovascular AMD), with the following characteristics: 33% central, 67% noncentral; and the following configurations: 36% small, 26% solid/unifocal, 24% multifocal, 9% horseshoe/ring, and 6% indeterminate. Of the remaining 6530 eyes at risk, 1099 eyes (17.3%) of 883 participants developed incident GA without prior neovascular disease during mean follow-up of 4.4 years. The Kaplan-Meier rate of incident GA was 19% of eyes at 5 years. In eyes with incident GA, 4-year risk of subsequent neovascular AMD was 29%. In eyes with incident noncentral GA, 4-year risk of central involvement was 57%. GA enlargement rate (following square root transformation) was similar in eyes with pre-existing GA (0.29 mm/year; 95% confidence interval 0.27-0.30) and incident GA (0.28 mm/year; 0.27-0.30). In the combined group, GA enlargement was significantly faster with noncentrality, multifocality, intermediate baseline size, and bilateral GA (P < 0.0001 for interaction in each case) but not with AREDS2 treatment assignment (P = 0.33) or smoking status (P = 0.05). Enlargement was significantly faster with ARMS2 risk (P < 0.0001), C3 non-risk (P = 0.0002), and APOE non-risk (P = 0.001) genotypes.

conclusionsAnalyses of AREDS2 data on natural history of GA provide representative data on GA evolution and enlargement. GA enlargement, which was influenced by lesion features, was relentless, resulting in rapid central vision loss. The genetic variants associated with faster enlargement were partially distinct from those associated with risk of incident GA. These findings are relevant to further investigations of GA pathogenesis and clinical trial planning.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overDisease ProgressionDocosahexaenoic AcidsDrug Therapy, CombinationEicosapentaenoic AcidFemaleGeographic AtrophyHumansLuteinMacular DegenerationMaleMiddle AgedPhotographyProspective StudiesVisual AcuityDocosahexaenoic AcidsEicosapentaenoic AcidLuteinZeaxanthins

Identifiers

PMID30060980
PMCPMC6246813
OpenAlexW2883601524

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.