ArticleChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2019
Effectiveness of multiple botulinum toxin sessions and the duration of effects in spasticity therapy in children with cerebral palsy.
Article in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Upper-limb range of motion in children with cerebral palsy treated with botulinum neurotoxin: a population-based cohort study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Determinant Factors for The Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Injections on Lower Limb Function in Cerebral Palsy: Two Year Follow-up Study.Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2026Article
- The state of the art in therapeutic administration of botulinum toxin in children with cerebral palsy: an integrative review.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2024Review
- Review
- Clinical Phenotype of Cerebral Palsy Depends on the Cause: Is It Really Cerebral Palsy? A Retrospective Study.Journal of child neurology · 2022Article
- Long-term efficacy and safety of repeated botulinum toxin a applications based on function and anesthesia type in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of orthopaedicsArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of long-term therapy with multiply botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections.
methodsIn 2004-2010, 60 children with spastic cerebral palsy aged 2-16 were treated multiple botulinum toxin sessions (injections in gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscles). In each patient, we rated muscle tone by Modified Ashworth Scale, passive range of motion in ankle joint with extended, and flexed knee joint and gait using the Physician Rating Scale. Assessment was done before and after injection, up to eight BoNT sessions.
resultsThe generalized additive models showed that a single treatment effect was visible for 3 months. The number of injections did not impact the effectiveness. Improvement in muscle tone was greater in children with hemiplegia than diplegia (β = - 0.294; p = 0.014). Improvement in range of motion with extended knee joint was greater in hemiplegic than diplegic types (β = 0.414; p =0.002), and improvement in range of motion with flexed knee was greater in children with more severe impairment (Gross Motor Function Classification System III vs. I, β = 0.0603, p = 0.025; V vs. I, β = 0.691, p = 0.023). The gait improvement rate decreased with patient age (p = 0.007).
conclusionsBoNT therapy is effective regardless of the number of injection sessions and duration of treatment. However, it is affected by the patient's age, type of cerebral palsy, and degree of impairment.
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