ReviewExpert opinion on pharmacotherapy2018
Pharmacotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder in adult and pediatric patients: an evidence-based treatment review.
Review in Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06701578 (The Effect of the Safe and Sound Protocol on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms), which is not on this map. Cited by 101 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of the Safe and Sound Protocol on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review: Efficacy of off-label antipsychotic use in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive, mood dysregulation, depression, anxiety, and sleep-related disorders.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and network meta-analysis of agomelatine for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in adult patients.International clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Development on Antidepressant and Placebo Response in Anxiety Disorders: A Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-Analytic Examination of Randomized Controlled Trials in Children, Adolescents, and Adults.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- The current state-of-the-art in pharmacotherapy for pediatric generalized anxiety disorder.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2023Pooled it
- Pharmacologic predictors of benzodiazepine response trajectory in anxiety disorders: a Bayesian hierarchical modeling meta-analysis.CNS spectrums · 2023Pooled it
- The effectiveness of Internet-delivered treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Depression and anxiety · 2021Pooled it
- A Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Intervention for Workplace Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Circulating endocannabinoids in children and adolescents: associations with anxiety and the impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Testing the effectiveness of combined attention modification training with right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex theta-burst stimulation on reducing levels of anxiety and attentional bias.Experimental brain research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Client-rated facilitators and barriers to long-term youth anxiety disorder recovery.Journal of clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Venlafaxine vs. fluoxetine in postmenopausal women with major depressive disorder: an 8-week, randomized, single-blind, active-controlled study.BMC psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Escitalopram in Adolescents With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Increased Serum TNF-α Levels Are Associated With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Dissociative symptom trajectories during treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depressive or anxiety disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Altered serum interleukin-4 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 levels are associated with generalized anxiety disorder: a case-control study.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Across Barriers: Blood-Brain and Gut Barrier Signaling in Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Leveraging Fiber Photometry to Decipher Neural Circuits Underlying Anxiety in Mice.Fundamental & clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Psychotropic Medication Exposure via Breast Milk: A Population-Based Descriptive Study in Denmark.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2025Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) often begins during adolescence or early adulthood and persists throughout the lifespan. Randomized controlled trials support the efficacy of selective serotonin and selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs and SNRIs, respectively), as well as benzodiazepines, azapirones, anti-adrenergic medications, melatonin analogs, second-generation antipsychotics, kava, and lavender oil in GAD. However, psychopharmacologic treatment selection requires clinicians to consider multiple factors, including age, co-morbidity, and prior treatment. Areas covered: The authors review the literature concerning pharmacotherapy for pediatric and adult patients with GAD with specific commentary on the efficacy and tolerability of selected agents in these age groups. The authors describe an algorithmic approach to the pediatric and adult patient with GAD and highlight considerations for the use of selected medications in these patients. Expert opinion: In adults with GAD, SSRIs and SNRIs represent the first-line psychopharmacologic treatment while second-line pharmacotherapies include buspirone, benzodiazepines, SGAs, and pregabalin. In pediatric patients with GAD, SSRIs should be considered the first line pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy enhances antidepressant response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.