ArticleTicks and tick-borne diseases2018
Prevalence and distribution of seven human pathogens in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs in Minnesota, USA.
Article in Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infection rates, species diversity, and distribution of zoonotic Babesia parasites in ticks: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasitology research · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative speed of kill of induced Ixodes scapularis infestations following treatment of dogs with endectocides containing either sarolaner (Simparica Trio™), afoxolaner (NexGardParasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Genestrip: exact and efficient read classification for selected groups of organisms.BMC bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Coinfection ecology and pathogen emergence in aApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- In vitro and in vivo acaricidal properties of orally delivered ivermectin against the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Article
- Occurrence of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus ticks removed from human skin in Poland in 2022-2024.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tick-Borne Co-Infection in Lyme Disease: Clinical Impact, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Coinfection Ecology and Pathogen Emergence in amedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Estimated density of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto-infected Ixodes scapularis nymphs in the eastern United States.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Geographic variation in the distribution of Anaplasma phagocytophilum variants in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis nymphs and adults in the eastern United States elucidated using next generation sequencing.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in host-seeking Ixodes species ticks in the United States.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Tick-Borne Co-Infections: Challenges in Molecular and Serologic Diagnoses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Prevalence of five human pathogens in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus by region, state, and county in the contiguous United States generated through national tick surveillance.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2023Article
- Seasonal activity patterns of host-seeking Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Minnesota, 2015-2017.Journal of medical entomology · 2023Article
- Tick Densities and Infection Prevalence on Coastal Islands in Massachusetts, USA: Establishing a Baseline.Insects · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal distribution of Borrelia miyamotoi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) and coinfection with other tick-borne pathogens in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) from New York State, USA.Journal of medical entomology · 2023Article
- Metagenomic surveillance for bacterial tick-borne pathogens using nanopore adaptive sampling.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Detection ofVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- HumanPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the north-central United States, the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) is currently known to vector seven human pathogens. These include five bacteria (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia mayonii, Borrelia miyamotoi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis), one protozoan (Babesia microti) and one virus (Powassan). We sought to assess the prevalence and distribution of these pathogens in host-seeking nymphs collected throughout Minnesota, a state on the northwestern edge of the tick's expanding range, where reported cases of I. scapularis-borne diseases have increased in incidence and geographic range over the past decade. Among the 1240 host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs that we screened from 64 sites, we detected all seven pathogens at varying frequencies. Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. was the most prevalent and geographically widespread, found in 25.24% of all nymphs tested. Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti were also geographically widespread, but they were less prevalent than Bo. burgdorferi s.s. (detected in 6.29% and 4.68% of ticks, respectively). Spatial clusters of sites with high prevalence for these three pathogens were identified in the north-central region of the state. Prevalence was less than 1.29% for each of the remaining pathogens. Two or more pathogens were detected in 90 nymphs (7.26%); coinfections with Bo. burgdorferi s.s. and either A. phagocytophilum (51 nymphs, 4.11%) or Ba. microti (43 nymphs, 3.47%) were the most common combinations. The distribution and density of infected ticks mirrors the distribution of notifiable tick-borne diseases in Minnesota and provides information on the distribution and prevalence of recently described human pathogens.
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